Breivik Knut, Bjerkeng Birger, Wania Frank, Helland Aud, Magnusson Jan
Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2004 Oct;23(10):2386-95. doi: 10.1897/03-343.
A dynamic, segmented, multimedia fate and transport model has been developed, evaluated, and applied to gain insight regarding the behavior of seven polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners in the Inner Oslofjord (Norway). A comparison with a dated sediment core reveals that the model is not capable of reproducing some key features of the observed, historical, long-term trend in sediments, although better agreement is observed for six of seven PCB congeners over the last two decades. The model also underestimates the concentrations of PCBs in surface sediments in areas adjacent to the city of Oslo (Norway). In general, deviations between modeled and observed concentrations indicate that the historical emissions and discharges of PCBs are not sufficiently characterized and described. Net fluxes predicted by the model suggest that several congeners may have experienced a reversal of air-water and seawater-sediment exchange during the last decade or even earlier. The present study further suggests that the benefit of the proposed removal of the most contaminated sediments of the Inner Oslofjord needs to be assessed, with consideration of the relative contribution of current atmospheric inputs as well as the leaching of PCBs from less contaminated sediments.
已开发、评估并应用了一个动态、分段的多媒体归宿和迁移模型，以深入了解挪威奥斯陆峡湾内七种多氯联苯（PCB）同系物的行为。与一个陈旧的沉积物岩芯进行比较后发现，尽管在过去二十年中，七种PCB同系物中有六种的模型结果与观测值吻合度较高，但该模型仍无法再现沉积物中观测到的历史长期趋势的一些关键特征。该模型还低估了挪威奥斯陆市附近区域表层沉积物中多氯联苯的浓度。总体而言，模型浓度与观测浓度之间的偏差表明，多氯联苯的历史排放和释放情况未得到充分表征和描述。模型预测的净通量表明，在过去十年甚至更早之前，几种同系物的气-水和海水-沉积物交换可能出现了逆转。本研究进一步表明，需要评估提议清除奥斯陆峡湾内污染最严重沉积物的益处，同时考虑当前大气输入的相对贡献以及污染较轻沉积物中多氯联苯的淋溶情况。
