Angeli A, Caraci P, Puligheddu B, Torta M, Orlandi F, Dogliotti L
Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Italy.
Cancer Detect Prev. 1992;16(1):53-6.
Several reports indicate that patients with macrocysts have a two- to fourfold higher risk of developing cancer. The fluid filling the cysts (breast cyst fluid, BCF) contains unusual amounts of biologically active substances, including hormones and metabolites. The accumulation of steroid conjugates, such as androgen and estrogen sulfates, deserves interest. Measuring BCF cations (K+, Na+) permits classification of cysts into two major subsets (type I and type II), conceivably associated with a different degree and with a turnover of apocrine cells in the lining epithelium. Type I (high K+/Na+ ratio) and type II (low K+/Na+ ratio) cysts display different patterns of steroid analytes and steroid-binding proteins. There are many gaps in our understanding of the relationship between local steroids and hypersecretion of fluid in the terminal duct lobular units with eventual appearance of cysts. Accumulating biochemical and epidemiological data, however, point to recurrent, multiple type I cysts as a marker of endocrine risk, i.e., of a whole-organ promoting status toward proliferative premalignant lesions.
多项报告表明，患有大囊肿的患者患癌风险高出两至四倍。填充囊肿的液体（乳腺囊肿液，BCF）含有异常数量的生物活性物质，包括激素和代谢产物。类固醇结合物的积累，如硫酸雄激素和硫酸雌激素，值得关注。测量BCF中的阳离子（K +、Na +）可将囊肿分为两个主要亚组（I型和II型），这可能与衬里上皮中顶泌细胞的不同程度和周转率有关。I型（高K +/Na +比）和II型（低K +/Na +比）囊肿显示出不同的类固醇分析物和类固醇结合蛋白模式。我们对局部类固醇与终末导管小叶单位中液体分泌过多最终形成囊肿之间的关系了解存在许多空白。然而，越来越多的生化和流行病学数据表明，复发性、多发性I型囊肿是内分泌风险的标志，即整个器官对增生性癌前病变的促进状态。
