Furman W, Buhrmester D
Department of Psychology, University of Denver, CO 80208.
Child Dev. 1992 Feb;63(1):103-15. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1992.tb03599.x.
In this study, 549 youths in the fourth grade, seventh grade, tenth grade, and college completed Network of Relationship Inventories assessing their perceptions of their relationships with significant others. The findings were largely consistent with 7 propositions derived from major theories of the developmental courses of personal relationships. In particular, mothers and fathers were seen as the most frequent providers of support in the fourth grade. Same-sex friends were perceived to be as supportive as parents in the seventh grade, and were the most frequent providers of support in the tenth grade. Romantic partners moved up in rank with age until college, where they, along with friends and mothers, received the highest ratings for support. Age differences were also observed in perceptions of relationships with grandparents, teachers, and siblings. Finally, age differences in perceived conflict, punishment, and relative power suggested that there was a peak in tension in parent-child relationships in early and middle adolescence. Discussion centers around the role various relationships are perceived as playing at different points in development.
在本研究中，549名四年级、七年级、十年级和大学阶段的青少年完成了关系网络问卷，以评估他们对与重要他人关系的看法。研究结果在很大程度上与从人际关系发展过程的主要理论中得出的7个命题一致。具体而言，四年级时，母亲和父亲被视为最常提供支持的人。七年级时，同性朋友被认为与父母一样能提供支持，并且在十年级时是最常提供支持的人。浪漫伴侣的支持等级随着年龄增长而上升，直到大学阶段，他们与朋友和母亲一起，在支持方面获得了最高评分。在与祖父母、教师和兄弟姐妹的关系认知上也观察到了年龄差异。最后，在感知到的冲突、惩罚和相对权力方面的年龄差异表明，亲子关系中的紧张程度在青春期早期和中期达到顶峰。讨论围绕着各种关系在不同发展阶段所被认为扮演的角色展开。
