Perk Joep, Alexanderson Kristina
Oskarshamn Hospital, Oskarshamn, Sweden.
Scand J Public Health Suppl. 2004;63:181-206. doi: 10.1080/14034950410021880.
The assessment of the literature on sick-leave with cardiovascular diseases include only studies with sufficient scientific quality. These studies describe sick leave following stroke, myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We found limited scientific evidence for the following results: After stroke, more than half of the patients of working age returned to work (RTW) during the first year following onset (higher rate for the younger patients). The consequences of brain damage, e.g. impaired ADL ability or cognitive capacity, play an important role in this respect. Also after myocardial infarction most patients RTW. PCI is a milder coronary artery intervention than CABG and RTW is more rapid. However, in the long run there are no differences in sick leave. People at higher ages or with physically demanding jobs return to work to a lesser degree. An international comparison shows that the duration of sick leave due to these conditions in Sweden is longer than in other countries although there is no scientific evidence to support this practice. It appears that the interest in research on sick leave in patients with cardiovascular diseases has waned in recent years. Developments in acute cardiological care should inspire renewed scientific involvement in this area of research.
对心血管疾病病假情况的文献评估仅纳入了具有足够科学质量的研究。这些研究描述了中风、心肌梗死、冠状动脉搭桥术（CABG）或经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）后的病假情况。我们发现以下结果的科学证据有限：中风后，超过一半的工作年龄患者在发病后的第一年内重返工作岗位（年轻患者的重返工作率更高）。脑损伤的后果，如日常生活活动能力或认知能力受损，在这方面起着重要作用。心肌梗死后大多数患者也能重返工作岗位。PCI是一种比CABG更温和的冠状动脉介入治疗，重返工作岗位的速度更快。然而，从长远来看，病假情况并无差异。年龄较大或从事体力要求较高工作的人重返工作岗位的程度较低。一项国际比较表明，瑞典因这些疾病导致的病假时长比其他国家更长，尽管没有科学证据支持这种情况。近年来，对心血管疾病患者病假情况的研究兴趣似乎有所减弱。急性心脏病护理的发展应促使科学界重新关注这一研究领域。
