Woynarowska Barbara, Izdebski Zbigniew, Kołoło Hanna, Mazur Joanna
Katedra Biomedycznych Podstaw Rozwoju i Wychowania Wydzialu Pedagogicznego UW.
Ginekol Pol. 2004 Aug;75(8):621-32.
(1) Frequency of sexual initiation and use of condoms and other methods of contraception among 15-year old adolescents in Poland and other countries in 2001/2002; (2) Trends of change in these sexual behaviours in Poland between 1990-2002.
Representative samples of adolescents in Poland (mean age 15.7 years) in 1990 (N=1548), 1994 (N=1540), 1998 (N=1638) and 2002 (N=2152) and in other 28 countries (mean age 15.2 - 16.1 years) in 2001/2002, were used. The surveys were carried out in the frame of Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children; a WHO Collaborative Cross-National Study (HBSC), according to an international research protocol. An international standard questionnaire (anonymous) was chosen as an instrument for data collection. It contained four questions concerning sexual behaviour.
In Poland, 2002, 20.9% of boys and 9.2% of girls reported sexual intercourse with mean ages respectively 14.1 and 14.7 years. The frequency of sexual initiation was higher (in boys) and the mean age was lower among adolescents living in towns by comparison to those living in cities. More matured adolescents had earlier sexual initiations. 27% of sexually active adolescents reported that either they or their partners had used any methods of contraception during their last sexual encounter. This risk sexual behaviour was more frequent in than cities (respectively: in boys 30.2% and 23.9%; in girls 42.9% and 19.7%). The most common method used was a condom. Between 1990-1998, the percentage of adolescents having sex and using some methods of contraception during their encounter last sexual were observed. Between 1998-2002, frequency of sexual initiation decreased, whereas percentage of non-users increased. In comparison to other countries increased Poland's percentage of adolescents with early sexual initiation in 2001/2002 was low, but the percentage of non-users of contraceptives was the highest.
At risk sexual behaviours are relatively common among 15-year-old adolescents, and more frequent among adolescents living in cities. In comparison to other countries, Polish adolescents the risk of unplanned pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases is higher. Future monitoring of sexual behaviours is necessary for prevention (including school sexual education) of at risk behaviours.
（1）2001/2002年波兰及其他国家15岁青少年开始性行为的频率以及避孕套和其他避孕方法的使用情况；（2）1990 - 2002年波兰这些性行为的变化趋势。
选取了1990年（N = 1548）、1994年（N = 1540）、1998年（N = 1638）和2002年（N = 2152）波兰青少年（平均年龄15.7岁）以及2001/2002年其他28个国家青少年（平均年龄15.2 - 16.1岁）的代表性样本。这些调查是在“学龄儿童健康行为”这一世界卫生组织跨国合作研究（HBSC）框架内，按照国际研究方案进行的。选用了一份国际标准问卷（匿名）作为数据收集工具。问卷包含四个关于性行为的问题。
2002年在波兰，20.9%的男孩和9.2%的女孩报告有过性行为，平均年龄分别为14.1岁和14.7岁。与居住在农村的青少年相比，居住在城镇的青少年开始性行为的频率更高（男孩中）且平均年龄更低。年龄较大的青少年开始性行为的时间更早。27%有性行为的青少年报告说他们自己或其性伴侣在最近一次性行为中使用了某种避孕方法。这种危险性行为在城镇比在农村更频繁（分别为：男孩中30.2%和23.9%；女孩中42.9%和19.7%）。最常用的方法是避孕套。在1990 - 1998年期间，观察到有性行为且在最近一次性行为中使用某种避孕方法的青少年比例。在1998 - 2002年期间，开始性行为的频率下降，而未使用者的比例增加。与其他国家相比，2001/2002年波兰青少年过早开始性行为的比例较低，但未使用避孕措施的比例最高。
危险性行为在15岁青少年中相对普遍，在居住在城镇的青少年中更频繁。与其他国家相比，波兰青少年意外怀孕和性传播疾病的风险更高。未来有必要对性行为进行监测，以预防（包括学校性教育）危险性行为。
