在大鼠的一种食欲性条件强化实验准备中进行兴奋性逆向条件作用。

Excitatory backward conditioning in an appetitive conditioned reinforcement preparation with rats.

作者信息

Urushihara Kouji

机构信息

Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA.

出版信息

Behav Processes. 2004 Nov 30;67(3):477-89. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2004.08.002.

DOI:10.1016/j.beproc.2004.08.002

PMID:15518997

Abstract

Four experiments were conducted to examine appetitive backward conditioning in a conditioned reinforcement preparation. In all experiments, off-line classical conditioning was conducted following lever-press training on two levers. Presentations of a sucrose solution by a liquid dipper served as an unconditioned stimulus (US) and two auditory stimuli served as conditioned stimuli (CSs); one was paired with the US in either a forward (Experiment 1a) or a backward (Experiments 1b, 2, and 3) relationship, and the other served as a control CS, which was not paired with the US. In testing, each lever-press response produced a presentation of one of the CSs instead of appetitive reinforcers. The response to a lever was facilitated, compared to the response to another lever, when the response produced the backward CS presentation as well as when it produced the forward CS presentation; that is, the backward CS served as an excitatory conditioned reinforcer.

摘要

进行了四项实验，以检验条件强化准备中的食欲性逆向条件作用。在所有实验中，在对两个杠杆进行杠杆按压训练后进行离线经典条件作用。用液体滴管呈现蔗糖溶液作为无条件刺激（US），两种听觉刺激作为条件刺激（CSs）；其中一种在正向（实验1a）或逆向（实验1b、2和3）关系中与US配对，另一种作为对照CS，不与US配对。在测试中，每次杠杆按压反应都会呈现其中一种CS而不是食欲性强化物。与对另一个杠杆的反应相比，当反应产生逆向CS呈现以及产生正向CS呈现时，对一个杠杆的反应得到促进；也就是说，逆向CS作为一种兴奋性条件强化物。