Bennett C H, Maldonado A, Mackintosh N J
University of Cambridge, UK.
Q J Exp Psychol B. 1995 May;48(2):117-28.
In three experiments hungry rats received appetitive conditioning trials with a light that signalled the delivery of sucrose solution. In Experiment 1, prior exposure to uncorrelated presentations of the conditioned stimulus (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (US) retarded conditioning significantly more than did prior exposure to the CS alone. In Experiments 2 and 3, groups exposed to uncorrelated presentations of the CS and US within the same session conditioned significantly more slowly than groups given separate sessions of exposure to the CS followed by sessions of exposure to the US (or vice versa). Some part of the learned irrelevance effect depends on exposure to a zero correlation between the CS and US, perhaps because this promotes learning that the CS predicts no change in the probability of the US.
在三项实验中，饥饿的大鼠接受了用灯光进行的食欲性条件反射试验，该灯光预示着蔗糖溶液的递送。在实验1中，与仅预先暴露于条件刺激（CS）相比，预先暴露于条件刺激（CS）和非条件刺激（US）的不相关呈现显著更能延缓条件反射。在实验2和3中，在同一会话中暴露于CS和US的不相关呈现的组，其条件反射的速度明显比先单独暴露于CS然后再暴露于US（或反之亦然）的组要慢得多。习得性无关效应的部分原因在于暴露于CS和US之间的零相关性，这可能是因为这促进了这样一种学习，即CS预示着US发生的概率没有变化。
