Osako Masahiro, Kim Yong-Jin, Sakai Shin-ichi
Research Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
Chemosphere. 2004 Dec;57(10):1571-9. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.08.076.
Leachate samples were taken from seven different landfills and concentrations of brominated flame retardants (BFRs), i.e. polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), were quantified. Leaching characteristics of BFRs, especially factors affecting leachability, were clarified to obtain basic information regarding the release of BFRs into the environment. The results obtained for observed levels of the sum of PBDE-47, -99 and -100 were n.d.--4000 pg/l for the raw leachate and n.d. for the treated one, respectively, and those of TBBPA were n.d.--620,000 pg/l for the raw leachate and n.d.--11,000 pg/l for the treated one, respectively. Three sites that not only had crushed material from bulk wastes such as waste electric and electronic equipment, but also were under operation or within a year since closure, indicated a higher concentration of BFRs than the other sites. In particular extremely high concentration of PBDEs was observed at a site with a large amount of organics. Considering the leaching characteristics of BFRs, there exists the possibility that leachability of PBDEs is influenced by the presence of dissolved humic matter (DHM) in the leachate. The high removal efficiency for BFRs in the leachate treatment process was also confirmed.
从七个不同的垃圾填埋场采集渗滤液样本，对溴化阻燃剂（BFRs），即多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）和四溴双酚A（TBBPA）的浓度进行了定量分析。阐明了BFRs的淋溶特性，特别是影响其淋溶性的因素，以获取有关BFRs向环境中释放的基础信息。PBDE-47、-99和-100总和的观测水平结果分别为：原渗滤液中未检出至4000 pg/l，处理后的渗滤液中未检出；TBBPA的结果分别为：原渗滤液中未检出至620,000 pg/l，处理后的渗滤液中未检出至11,000 pg/l。有三个场地不仅有来自废弃电气电子设备等大宗废物的粉碎材料，而且正在运营或关闭不到一年，其BFRs浓度高于其他场地。特别是在一个含有大量有机物的场地观测到了极高浓度的PBDEs。考虑到BFRs的淋溶特性，渗滤液中溶解腐殖质（DHM）的存在有可能影响PBDEs的淋溶性。还证实了渗滤液处理过程中对BFRs的高去除效率。
