Tasaki Tomohiro, Takasuga Takumi, Osako Masahiro, Sakai Shin-Ichi
Research Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
Waste Manag. 2004;24(6):571-80. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2004.02.008.
We conducted time-series substance flow analysis of two types of brominated flame retardants (BFRs)--polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA)--and two types of related compounds--Sb (used with BFRs for flame inhibition) and polybrominated dibenzo dioxins and furans (PBDDs/DFs: unintended byproducts)--in five size categories of waste TV sets in Japan. Two scenarios were created with BFR substitutions and compared to a "business as usual" scenario in order to obtain basic information for strategic product management. The results showed that the use of DecaBDE in rear and front covers of TV sets began in fiscal 1987-1990 and 1993-1996, respectively, and that TBBPA was used to some extent as a substitute for DecaBDE in the 90s. The amount of waste Br in the plastic covers is predicted to increase until at least fiscal 2020 due to the increasing size of TV sets. Although substitution of BFRs with non-BFRs in Japan by 2006 will reduce waste Br, the amount in waste TV sets will not peak until fiscal 2009. The results will help inform decisions in Japan regarding the recovery and disposal of waste TV sets. The methods used would benefit waste managers faced with similar issues in other countries.
我们对日本五种尺寸类别的废旧电视机中的两种溴化阻燃剂（BFRs）——多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）和四溴双酚A（TBBPA）以及两种相关化合物——锑（与BFRs一起用于阻燃）和多溴二苯并二恶英及呋喃（PBDDs/DFs：意外副产物）进行了时间序列物质流分析。创建了两种使用BFR替代物的情景，并与“照常营业”情景进行比较，以获取战略产品管理的基础信息。结果表明，电视机前后盖中十溴二苯醚的使用分别始于1987 - 1990财年和1993 - 1996财年，并且在90年代四溴双酚A在一定程度上被用作十溴二苯醚的替代品。由于电视机尺寸不断增大，预计至少到2020财年塑料盖中的废溴量将会增加。尽管到2006年日本用非BFRs替代BFRs将减少废溴，但废旧电视机中的溴含量直到2009财年才会达到峰值。这些结果将有助于为日本有关废旧电视机回收和处置的决策提供信息。所采用的方法将使其他面临类似问题的国家的废物管理者受益。
