Elnaiem D E, Ward R D
Department of Medical Entomology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, U.K.
J Med Entomol. 1992 Jan;29(1):5-12. doi: 10.1093/jmedent/29.1.5.
Oviposition preferences of Lutzomyia longipalpis Lutz & Neiva for surfaces containing frass (colony remains), larval rearing medium, and rabbit feces were investigated in the laboratory. In oviposition choice chambers, significantly more eggs were laid on sites containing frass, larval rearing medium, or rabbit feces than on untreated control sites. Experiments using unwashed and washed materials indicated, for the first time, the presence of chemical oviposition attractants or stimulants or both in larval medium (consisting of equal weight proportions of rabbit feces, potting compost, sand, and Daphnia). In an olfactometer, aroma from rabbit feces strongly attracted ovipositing females, and significantly higher numbers of eggs were laid in the olfactometer test chamber containing the rabbit feces than in the untreated control chamber. In comparisons of oviposition responses to hexane and distilled water extracts of rabbit feces, only the water extract was attractive. Similarly, the distilled water extract of rabbit feces proved to be an oviposition stimulant. Females kept individually with filter papers impregnated with the extract of feces oviposited earlier and survived longer than females kept with untreated papers.
在实验室中研究了长须罗蛉（Lutzomyia longipalpis Lutz & Neiva）对含有粪便（群体残留物）、幼虫饲养基质和兔粪的表面的产卵偏好。在产卵选择室中，与未处理的对照位点相比，在含有粪便、幼虫饲养基质或兔粪的位点上产下的卵显著更多。使用未清洗和清洗过的材料进行的实验首次表明，幼虫饲养基质（由等重量比例的兔粪、盆栽堆肥、沙子和水蚤组成）中存在化学产卵引诱剂或刺激剂或两者皆有。在嗅觉仪中测试，兔粪的气味强烈吸引正在产卵的雌虫，并且在装有兔粪的嗅觉仪测试室中产下的卵的数量显著高于未处理的对照室。在比较对兔粪己烷提取物和蒸馏水提取物的产卵反应时，只有水提取物具有吸引力。同样，兔粪的蒸馏水提取物被证明是一种产卵刺激剂。与用未处理滤纸饲养的雌虫相比，单独与浸有粪便提取物的滤纸饲养的雌虫产卵更早且存活时间更长。
