Lockwood-Rayermann Suzy
Texas Christian University-Harris School of Nursing, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA.
Cancer Nurs. 2004 Sep-Oct;27(5):353-63. doi: 10.1097/00002820-200409000-00004.
Although Papanicolaou test screening rates are reportedly high, a significant proportion of women remain unscreened. With recent revision of Papanicolaou test guidelines, it is critical that interventions and programs for cervical cancer directed toward low participating groups or individuals be developed. The purpose of the study was to examine factors that influence participation in cervical cancer screening by quantifying characteristics of women who engage in Papanicolaou test screening in a 12-month period. Using the 2000 National Health Interview Survey and Cancer Topical Module, the sample (N = 18,388) consisted of women who were older than 18 years. The dependent variable was nominally identified as whether a woman had had a Papanicolaou test in the last 12 months. Independent variables examined were insurance, level of education, place for care, age, race, employment, place of residence, and income level. Using logistic regression, all variables except race and income level were found to be significant for participation in cervical cancer screening (P < .000). Each variable is discussed within the framework of the Institute of Medicine model of access to personal healthcare services. Study findings provide insight and guidance for the development and implementation of methods for accessing women who have lower participation rates.
尽管据报道巴氏涂片检查的筛查率很高，但仍有相当一部分女性未接受筛查。随着近期巴氏涂片检查指南的修订，制定针对低参与率群体或个体的宫颈癌干预措施和项目至关重要。本研究的目的是通过量化在12个月内进行巴氏涂片检查的女性的特征，来考察影响宫颈癌筛查参与度的因素。利用2000年国家健康访谈调查和癌症专题模块，样本（N = 18388）由18岁以上的女性组成。因变量被名义上确定为一名女性在过去12个月内是否进行过巴氏涂片检查。所考察的自变量有保险、教育程度、就医地点、年龄、种族、就业情况、居住地点和收入水平。使用逻辑回归分析发现，除种族和收入水平外，所有变量对参与宫颈癌筛查均具有显著性（P < .000）。每个变量都在医学研究所个人医疗服务可及性模型的框架内进行了讨论。研究结果为开发和实施针对参与率较低女性的接触方法提供了见解和指导。
