Bilsky E J, Montegut M J, Delong C L, Reid L D
Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724.
Life Sci. 1992;50(14):PL85-90. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(92)90105-x.
Recent studies have begun to assess the utility of opioid agonists and antagonists for the treatment of cocaine addiction. The present studies assess the effects of naltrexone or methadone on cocaine's reinforcing properties using the conditioned place preference (CPP) test. The results indicate that a 56 mg/kg dose of naltrexone, given 4 hr prior to conditioning, attenuates cocaine's CPP. In contrast, methadone (8 mg/kg), given 1 hr prior to conditioning, enhanced cocaine's reinforcing properties. These results support the suggestion that opioid antagonists may have clinical utility in treating cocaine addiction. The results with methadone lead to a possible explanation for the higher rates of cocaine use in methadone-treated heroin addicts.
近期研究已开始评估阿片类激动剂和拮抗剂在治疗可卡因成瘾方面的效用。本研究使用条件性位置偏爱（CPP）试验评估纳曲酮或美沙酮对可卡因强化特性的影响。结果表明，在条件化前4小时给予56毫克/千克剂量的纳曲酮可减弱可卡因引起的条件性位置偏爱。相比之下，在条件化前1小时给予美沙酮（8毫克/千克）则增强了可卡因的强化特性。这些结果支持了阿片类拮抗剂可能在治疗可卡因成瘾方面具有临床效用这一观点。美沙酮的研究结果为美沙酮治疗的海洛因成瘾者中可卡因使用率较高提供了一种可能的解释。
