黄曲霉毒素生物合成簇基因cypA是产生G型黄曲霉毒素所必需的。
Aflatoxin biosynthesis cluster gene cypA is required for G aflatoxin formation.
作者信息
Ehrlich Kenneth C, Chang Perng-Kuang, Yu Jiujiang, Cotty Peter J
机构信息
Southern Research Center, Agricultural Regional Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, Louisiana 70179, USA.
出版信息
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2004 Nov;70(11):6518-24. doi: 10.1128/AEM.70.11.6518-6524.2004.
Abstract
Aspergillus flavus isolates produce only aflatoxins B1 and B2, while Aspergillus parasiticus and Aspergillus nomius produce aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2. Sequence comparison of the aflatoxin biosynthesis pathway gene cluster upstream from the polyketide synthase gene, pksA, revealed that A. flavus isolates are missing portions of genes (cypA and norB) predicted to encode, respectively, a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase and an aryl alcohol dehydrogenase. Insertional disruption of cypA in A. parasiticus yielded transformants that lack the ability to produce G aflatoxins but not B aflatoxins. The enzyme encoded by cypA has highest amino acid identity to Gibberella zeae Tri4 (38%), a P450 monooxygenase previously shown to be involved in trichodiene epoxidation. The substrate for CypA may be an intermediate formed by oxidative cleavage of the A ring of O-methylsterigmatocystin by OrdA, the P450 monooxygenase required for formation of aflatoxins B1 and B2.
摘要
黄曲霉分离株仅产生黄曲霉毒素B1和B2，而寄生曲霉和奇异曲霉则产生黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1和G2。对聚酮合酶基因pksA上游的黄曲霉毒素生物合成途径基因簇进行序列比较发现，黄曲霉分离株缺失了预测分别编码细胞色素P450单加氧酶和芳基醇脱氢酶的部分基因（cypA和norB）。在寄生曲霉中对cypA进行插入破坏产生了缺乏产生G类黄曲霉毒素能力但不缺乏产生B类黄曲霉毒素能力的转化体。cypA编码的酶与玉米赤霉Gibberella zeae Tri4的氨基酸同一性最高（38%），Tri4是一种先前已证明参与曲霉素环氧化的P450单加氧酶。CypA的底物可能是由OrdA对O - 甲基柄曲霉素的A环进行氧化裂解形成的中间体，OrdA是形成黄曲霉毒素B1和B2所需的P450单加氧酶。
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