Daly John W, Noimai Naratitt, Kongkathip Boonsong, Kongkathip Ngampong, Wilham Jason M, Garraffo H Martin, Kaneko Tetsuo, Spande Thomas F, Nimit Yuth, Nabhitabhata Jarujin, Chan-Ard Tanya
Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, NIH, Bldg. 8, Rm. 1A17, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Toxicon. 2004 Dec 15;44(8):805-15. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2004.08.016.
Amphibian skin has been the source of a wide variety of biologically active substances, but less than one-third of the known genera of amphibians have been probed for such active substances. Skins of 21 genera of anurans from Thailand have now been investigated for noxious secretions, toxic substances, and alkaloids. Four genera of bufonid toads (Bufo, Ansonia, Leptophryne, Pedostipes) were toxic due to the presence of bufadienolides or bufadienolide-like compounds. Two species of ranid frogs (Rana raniceps, Rana signata) were toxic, perhaps due to the presence of toxic peptide(s). Two species of rhacophorid frogs (Polypedates) were slightly noxious/toxic. One species of microhylid frog (Kaloula pulchra) was noxious. Trace amounts of pumiliotoxin alkaloids were detected in a ranid frog (Limnonectes kuhli). A further 18 species did not exhibit noxious or toxic properties to a significant extent.
两栖动物的皮肤一直是多种生物活性物质的来源，但已知的两栖动物属中，对这类活性物质进行过探测的不到三分之一。目前已对来自泰国的21个无尾目属的皮肤进行了研究，以探寻其中的有害分泌物、有毒物质和生物碱。四个蟾蜍科蟾蜍属（蟾蜍属、安孙蟾蜍属、细趾蟾属、短头蟾属）因存在蟾毒配基或类似蟾毒配基的化合物而有毒。两种蛙科蛙类（滇蛙、侧条跳树蛙）有毒，可能是由于存在有毒肽。两种树蛙科蛙类（斑腿泛树蛙）有轻微毒性。一种姬蛙科蛙类（饰纹姬蛙）有毒。在一种蛙科蛙类（库氏狭口蛙）中检测到微量的箭毒蛙生物碱。另有18个物种在很大程度上未表现出有害或有毒特性。
