Iñiguez Germán, Soto Nestor, Avila Alejandra, Salazar Teresa, Ong Ken, Dunger David, Mericq Verónica
Institute of Maternal and Child Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, PO Box 226-3, Santiago, Chile. giniguez@med.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Nov;89(11):5500-3. doi: 10.1210/jc.2004-0792.
Adiponectin, a novel adipocytokine with insulin sensitizing properties, is inversely related to obesity and insulin resistance in adults. We recently reported large variations in weight gain and insulin sensitivity during the first year in infants born small for gestational age (SGA) or appropriate for gestational age (AGA). We now determined whether adiponectin levels were related to postnatal growth and insulin sensitivity in a prospective cohort followed from birth to two years old (n = 85) (55 female/30 male, 65 SGA/20 AGA). Serum adiponectin levels at one year and two years were higher compared to reported levels in adults and older children, and decreased from one year (21.6 +/- 0.6 microg/ml) to two years (15.7 +/- 0.7 microg/ml) (p < 0.05). At two years adiponectin levels were lower in females (15.3 +/- 0.4 microg/ml) than males (16.4 +/- 0.6 microg/ml) (p < 0.05), but no gender difference was seen in leptin or insulin levels. No differences in adiponectin levels were seen between SGA and AGA infants at one or two years. However, in SGA infants changes in adiponectin between one to two years old were inversely related to weight gain (r = -0.310, p < 0.05). Changes in leptin levels between one to two years were positively related to weight gain in both SGA and AGA infants (r = 0.450 and r = 0.500 respectively, both p < 0.05). Adiponectin levels were unrelated to insulin levels at one or two years, nor to change in insulin levels between one to two years. In multiple regression analysis, adiponectin levels were related only to postnatal age; omitting age from the model, the determinants of higher adiponectin levels were male gender (p = 0.03), lower postnatal body weight (p < 0.001), and higher birth weight SD score (p = 0.004). In conclusion, fall in serum adiponectin levels during the first two years of life were related to increasing age and greater weight gain SGA infants, but were unrelated to insulin sensitivity.
脂联素是一种具有胰岛素增敏特性的新型脂肪细胞因子，与成年人的肥胖和胰岛素抵抗呈负相关。我们最近报道，小于胎龄儿（SGA）或适于胎龄儿（AGA）出生后第一年的体重增加和胰岛素敏感性存在很大差异。我们现在确定在一个从出生到两岁的前瞻性队列（n = 85）（55名女性/30名男性，65名SGA/20名AGA）中，脂联素水平是否与出生后生长及胰岛素敏感性相关。一岁和两岁时的血清脂联素水平高于报道的成年人和大龄儿童的水平，且从一岁时的（21.6±0.6微克/毫升）降至两岁时的（15.7±0.7微克/毫升）（p<0.05）。两岁时，女性的脂联素水平（15.3±0.4微克/毫升）低于男性（16.4±0.6微克/毫升）（p<0.05），但瘦素或胰岛素水平未见性别差异。SGA和AGA婴儿在一岁或两岁时的脂联素水平无差异。然而，在SGA婴儿中，一岁至两岁期间脂联素的变化与体重增加呈负相关（r = -0.310，p<0.05）。一岁至两岁期间瘦素水平的变化与SGA和AGA婴儿的体重增加均呈正相关（分别为r = 0.450和r = 0.500，均p<0.05）。脂联素水平在一岁或两岁时与胰岛素水平无关，在一岁至两岁期间与胰岛素水平的变化也无关。在多元回归分析中，脂联素水平仅与出生后年龄相关；从模型中剔除年龄后，脂联素水平较高的决定因素为男性性别（p = 0.03）、较低的出生后体重（p<0.001）和较高的出生体重标准差评分（p = 0.004）。总之，生命最初两年血清脂联素水平的下降与年龄增长及SGA婴儿体重增加较多有关，但与胰岛素敏感性无关。
