Dallmeijer A J, Ottjes L, de Waardt E, van der Woude L H V
Institute for Fundamental and Clinical Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Int J Sports Med. 2004 Nov;25(8):622-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2004-817879.
The purpose of this study was to compare submaximal physiological responses (oxygen uptake, ventilation, heart rate) and gross mechanical efficiency between synchronous and asynchronous hand cycling at different cadences. Thirteen non-disabled men (22.4 +/- 1.6 yr) performed two submaximal exercise tests on a treadmill, using synchronous and asynchronous crank settings in counter balanced order. Tests were performed using a commercially available hand cycle unit that was attached to a hand rim wheelchair. Each test consisted of five 5-min exercise bouts at 36, 47, 55, 65, and 84 rpm. ANOVA for repeated measures showed a significant effect of crank mode (p < 0.001) and cadence (p < 0.001), as well as an interaction effect between both (p < 0.01). Physiological responses were lower, and efficiency higher, in synchronous versus asynchronous hand cycling at all cadences. Post-hoc analysis of the (overall) effect of cadence showed significantly higher physiological responses and lower efficiency at the higher (84 vs. 65 rpm and 65 vs. 55 rpm) and lower (36 vs. 47 rpm) cadences. The interaction effect indicates that the effect of crank mode was dependent on cadence, showing a larger difference between synchronous and asynchronous hand cycling at 84 vs. 65 rpm and at 36 vs. 47 rpm. It is concluded that, in contrast to previous results in arm crank ergometry, synchronous hand cycling is less strenuous and more efficient than asynchronous hand cycling.
本研究的目的是比较不同踏频下同步和异步手摇车运动时的次最大生理反应（摄氧量、通气量、心率）以及总机械效率。13名非残疾男性（22.4±1.6岁）在跑步机上进行了两次次最大运动测试，采用同步和异步曲柄设置，顺序为反向平衡。测试使用的是连接在手轮式轮椅上的市售手摇车装置。每次测试包括在36、47、55、65和84转/分钟的速度下进行五次5分钟的运动回合。重复测量方差分析显示曲柄模式（p<0.001）和踏频（p<0.001）有显著影响，以及两者之间的交互作用（p<0.01）。在所有踏频下，同步手摇车运动的生理反应较低，效率较高。对踏频（总体）效应的事后分析显示，在较高（84与65转/分钟以及65与55转/分钟）和较低（36与47转/分钟）踏频下，生理反应显著更高，效率更低。交互作用表明曲柄模式的效应取决于踏频，在84与65转/分钟以及36与47转/分钟时，同步和异步手摇车运动之间的差异更大。研究得出结论，与之前手臂曲柄测力计测试的结果相反，同步手摇车运动比异步手摇车运动更轻松、更高效。
