Evans Emma, Hawton Keith, Rodham Karen
Centre for Suicide Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2004 Dec;24(8):957-79. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2004.04.005.
Suicidal phenomena (suicide attempts, deliberate self-harm, and suicidal plans, threats and thoughts) are common in adolescents. Identification of factors associated with these phenomena could play an important role in the development of school or community-based prevention and intervention programs. In this article, we report the results of a systematic review of the international literature on population-based studies of factors associated with suicidal phenomena in adolescents. These factors encompass psychiatric, psychological, physical, personal, familial and social domains. The quantity of evidence in support of associations between suicidal phenomena and specific factors is compared with the quantity of evidence against such associations. We conclude with a summary of the findings, including identification of new or neglected areas, which require further investigation. Methodological considerations are highlighted and implications of the findings for clinicians and other professionals concerned with prevention of suicidal behavior by adolescents are discussed.
自杀现象（自杀未遂、蓄意自伤以及自杀计划、威胁和念头）在青少年中很常见。识别与这些现象相关的因素对于制定基于学校或社区的预防和干预计划可能具有重要作用。在本文中，我们报告了一项对国际文献进行系统综述的结果，这些文献是关于以人群为基础的青少年自杀现象相关因素的研究。这些因素涵盖精神、心理、身体、个人、家庭和社会领域。将支持自杀现象与特定因素之间关联的证据数量与反对这种关联的证据数量进行了比较。我们最后总结了研究结果，包括识别需要进一步调查的新的或被忽视的领域。强调了方法学上的考虑因素，并讨论了研究结果对关注预防青少年自杀行为的临床医生和其他专业人员的启示。
