Dempsey Jennifer C, Butler Carole L, Sorensen Tanya K, Lee I-Min, Thompson Mary Lou, Miller Raymond S, Frederick Ihunnaya O, Williams Michelle A
Center for Perinatal Studies 444N, Swedish Medical Center, 747 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122, USA.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2004 Nov;66(2):203-15. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2004.03.010.
Despite the maternal and infant morbidity associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), few modifiable risk factors have been identified. We explored the relation between recreational physical activity performed during the year before and during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy and the risk of GDM. 155 GDM cases and 386 normotensive, non-diabetic pregnant controls provided information about the type, intensity, frequency, and duration of physical activity performed during these time periods. Women who participated in any recreational physical activity during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy, as compared with inactive women, experienced a 48% reduction in risk of GDM (odds ratio [OR] = 0.52; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.33-0.80). The number of hours spent performing recreational activities and the energy expended were related to a decrease in GDM risk. No clear patterns related to distance walked and pace of walking emerged. Daily stair climbing, when compared with no stair climbing, was associated with a 49-78% reduction in GDM risk (P for trend <0.011). Recreational physical activity performed during the year before the index pregnancy was also associated with statistically significant reductions in GDM risk, but women who engaged in physical activity during both time periods experienced the greatest reduction in risk (OR = 0.40; 95% CI 0.23-0.68). These data suggest that recreational physical activity performed before and/or during pregnancy is associated with a reduced risk of GDM.
尽管妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）会引发母婴发病，但已确定的可改变风险因素却很少。我们探讨了妊娠前一年及妊娠前20周进行的休闲体育活动与GDM风险之间的关系。155例GDM病例和386例血压正常、非糖尿病的孕妇对照提供了这些时间段内进行的体育活动的类型、强度、频率和持续时间的信息。与不活动的女性相比，在妊娠前20周参与任何休闲体育活动的女性患GDM的风险降低了48%（优势比[OR]=0.52；95%置信区间[CI]0.33-0.80）。进行休闲活动的时长和消耗的能量与GDM风险降低有关。未出现与步行距离和步行速度相关的明确模式。与不爬楼梯相比，每天爬楼梯与GDM风险降低49%-78%相关（趋势P<0.011）。妊娠前一年进行的休闲体育活动也与GDM风险的统计学显著降低相关，但在两个时间段都进行体育活动的女性风险降低最大（OR=0.40；95%CI0.23-0.68）。这些数据表明，妊娠前和/或妊娠期间进行的休闲体育活动与GDM风险降低有关。
