Bull Nils, Høvding Gunnar, Riise Trond, Moen Bente E
Øyeavdelingen, Haukeland Universitetssykehus, 5021 Bergen.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2004 Nov 4;124(21):2776-9.
The eyes are among the organs most frequently hurt in occupational injuries. The characteristics of eye injuries were studied in order to suggest preventive measures.
Analyses were performed on work-related eye injuries reported to the Norwegian Injury Surveillance System from a selection of emergency centres during the period 1990-2002, and on injuries reported by employers to the National Insurance Administration 1998-2001.
The occurrence of injuries was stable over the period. Men sustained 94.4% of the injuries registered in injury surveillance system. The highest incidence was among those 20 to 24 years of age. Metal cutters and tools for polishing were involved in 25.7% of cases. Analyses of the injuries reported to the National Insurance Administration showed an odds ratio of 8.8 (95% CI 7.6-10.1) for injuries to workers in metal industry, 18.8 (95% CI 17.0-20.8) in automotive industry, and only 0.5 (95% CI 0.1-3.4) in oil refineries. Workers in oil refineries have a potentially hazardous work environment, but there, eye protection is mandatory.
There was no decline in the incidence of work-related eye injuries from 1990 to 2002. Workers in metal industry have a high risk of injuries and employers should consider requiring the use of eye protection.
眼睛是职业伤害中最常受伤的器官之一。为了提出预防措施，对眼外伤的特征进行了研究。
对1990 - 2002年期间选定的急救中心报告给挪威伤害监测系统的与工作相关的眼外伤，以及1998 - 2001年雇主报告给国家保险管理局的伤害进行了分析。
在此期间伤害发生率保持稳定。在伤害监测系统中登记的伤害，男性占94.4%。发病率最高的是20至24岁的人群。金属切割器和抛光工具导致的伤害占25.7%。对国家保险管理局报告的伤害分析显示，金属行业工人受伤的优势比为8.8（95%可信区间7.6 - 10.1），汽车行业为18.8（95%可信区间17.0 - 20.8），而炼油厂仅为0.5（95%可信区间0.1 - 3.4）。炼油厂工人的工作环境潜在危险，但在那里，眼部防护是强制性的。
1990年至2002年期间，与工作相关的眼外伤发病率没有下降。金属行业的工人受伤风险很高，雇主应考虑要求使用眼部防护用品。
