Miller Mark W, Kaloupek Danny G, Dillon Amy L, Keane Terence M
National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Avenue (116B-2), Boston, MA 02130, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2004 Nov;113(4):636-45. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.113.4.636.
This study replicated and extended prior findings of internalizing and externalizing subtypes of posttraumatic response (M. W. Miller, J. L. Greif, & A. A. Smith, 2003). Cluster analyses of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory--2 Personality Psychopathology--Five (MMPI-2 PSY-5; A. R. Harkness, J. L. McNulty, Y. S. Ben-Porath, 1995) profiles obtained from 736 veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) partitioned the sample into a low pathology cluster defined by personality scores in the normal range, an externalizing cluster characterized by low constraint and high negative emotionality, and an internalizing cluster with high negative emotionality and low positive emotionality. Externalizers showed the highest rates of alcohol-related and antisocial personality disorders; internalizers, the highest rates of panic and major depressive disorder. These findings support the development of a personality-based typology of posttraumatic response designed to account for heterogeneity in the expression of PTSD and associated psychopathology.
本研究重复并扩展了先前关于创伤后反应内化和外化亚型的研究结果（M. W. 米勒、J. L. 格雷夫、A. A. 史密斯，2003年）。对从736名患有创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的退伍军人那里获得的明尼苏达多相人格问卷第二版——人格心理病理学——五分量表（MMPI-2 PSY-5；A. R. 哈克尼斯、J. L. 麦克纳尔蒂、Y. S. 本-波拉特，1995年）剖面图进行聚类分析，将样本分为一个由正常范围内的人格分数定义的低病理聚类、一个以低约束和高负面情绪为特征的外化聚类，以及一个具有高负面情绪和低正面情绪的内化聚类。外化者表现出与酒精相关和反社会人格障碍的最高发生率；内化者则表现出惊恐障碍和重度抑郁症的最高发生率。这些发现支持了一种基于人格的创伤后反应类型学的发展，该类型学旨在解释PTSD及相关精神病理学表现中的异质性。
