de Fombelle A, Veiga L, Drogoul C, Julliand V
EVIALIS, Talhouët, 56 250 Saint Nolff, France.
J Anim Sci. 2004 Dec;82(12):3625-34. doi: 10.2527/2004.82123625x.
This trial was conducted to determine the extent of prececal starch digestibility depending on the botanical origin of starch and on diet characteristics (i.e., composition and feeding pattern). The prececal disappearance of six substrates (oats, barley, corn, horse bean, potato, and wheat) was measured in four cannulated horses fed (as-fed basis) 11.8 g/kg BW of a high-fiber (HF) or high-starch (HS) pelleted feed and 10.0 g/kg BW of meadow hay using the mobile bag technique (MBT). The daily feeding pattern was either three meals (two meals of pellets and one meal of hay) or five meals (three meals of pellets and two meals of hay). The experimental procedure was a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement tested in a Latin square design. After 2 wk of adaptation to the diet, collections were made on 5 d. Thirty nylon bags, composed of five bags of each substrate, were intubated to each horse during the ingestion of the morning meal. Bags were collected in the cecum, using a magnet, at 9 h postintubation. In spite of strong interindividual differences, approximately 80% of the intubated bags were collected. On average, the mean retention time of the bags was 6.2 h (+/-0.17). Regardless of the feeding pattern, the transit of the bags was faster when the fiber content of the diet was higher (P = 0.003). Likewise, regardless of the meal composition, transit was also faster when the ration was split into five daily meals (P = 0.001). The DM disappearance, corrected with particulate losses (DMD(c)), differed depending on the substrate tested (33.5, 57.1, 63.8, 67.7, 78.6, and 86.2% for potato, horse bean, oats, barley, corn, and wheat, respectively; P = 0.001). The DMD(c) of corn, barley, and potato was higher when HS was fed (P = 0.020); regardless of the substrate, DMD(c) was higher with five daily meals (P = 0.001). The starch disappearance (StarchD(c)) was different depending on the substrate (P = 0.001; 36.1, 71.2, 86.6, 89.2, 99.0, and 99.7% for potato, horse bean, barley, corn, wheat, and oats, respectively). Whatever the substrate, StarchD(c) was higher when HS was fed (P = 0.007), but it was not affected by the feeding pattern of the diet. Although passage rate was modified and feed intake was different, the botanical origin of starch was the main factor that affected prececal starch disappearance in horses.
本试验旨在根据淀粉的植物来源和日粮特性（即组成和饲喂模式）来确定盲肠前淀粉消化率的程度。使用移动袋技术（MBT），在四匹安装有瘘管的马中测定了六种底物（燕麦、大麦、玉米、蚕豆、马铃薯和小麦）的盲肠前消失情况，这些马饲喂（以风干基础计）11.8 g/kg体重的高纤维（HF）或高淀粉（HS）颗粒饲料以及10.0 g/kg体重的草地干草。每日饲喂模式为三餐（两餐颗粒饲料和一餐干草）或五餐（三餐颗粒饲料和两餐干草）。实验程序采用2×2析因设计，并在拉丁方设计中进行测试。在适应日粮2周后，进行了5天的收集。在早餐摄入期间，将30个尼龙袋（每种底物5个袋子）插入每匹马体内。插管后9小时，使用磁铁在盲肠中收集袋子。尽管个体间差异很大，但仍收集到了约80%的插管袋。袋子的平均保留时间为6.2小时（±0.17）。无论饲喂模式如何，当日粮纤维含量较高时，袋子的通过速度更快（P = 0.003）。同样，无论餐食组成如何，当日粮分为每日五餐时，通过速度也更快（P = 0.001）。经颗粒损失校正后的干物质消失率（DMD(c)）因测试的底物而异（马铃薯、蚕豆、燕麦、大麦、玉米和小麦分别为33.5%、57.1%、63.8%、67.7%、78.6%和86.2%；P = 0.001）。饲喂HS时，玉米、大麦和马铃薯的DMD(c)较高（P = 0.020）；无论底物如何，每日五餐时DMD(c)较高（P = 0.001）。淀粉消失率（StarchD(c)）因底物而异（P = 0.001；马铃薯、蚕豆、大麦、玉米、小麦和燕麦分别为36.1%、71.2%、86.6%、89.2%、99.0%和99.7%）。无论底物如何，饲喂HS时StarchD(c)较高（P = 0.007），但不受日粮饲喂模式的影响。尽管通过速度有所改变且采食量不同，但淀粉的植物来源是影响马盲肠前淀粉消失的主要因素。
