Arai N, Yagishita S, Misugi K, Oda M, Kosaka K, Mizutani T, Morimatsu Y
Department of Clinical Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neurosciences, Japan.
Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol. 1992;420(3):243-52. doi: 10.1007/BF01600277.
Foamy spheroid bodies (FSBs) are described, as newly identified pathological structures occurring in human brain. FSBs favoured the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNPR) and/or globus pallidus (GP) in degenerative conditions especially postencephalitic parkinsonism, progressive supranuclear palsy, pallido-nigro-luysial atrophy and multiple system atrophy. No FSBs were observed anywhere in the presence of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNPC) degeneration, such as occurs in idiopathic Parkinson's disease, or luysio-pallidal system degeneration, such as found in dentato-rubro-pallido-luysial atrophy or Joseph's disease. FSBs were also occasionally identified in the substantia nigra (SN) and/or GP of aged persons. In addition to SN and GP lesions, FSBs were seen in diffuse axonal lesions of long fibre tracts (the corpus callosum, the superior cerebellar peduncle) after non-missile head injuries, and in peri-infarct lesions. Under the light microscope, FSBs appear as slightly eosinophilic, foamy and nearly round objects with vague outlines, measuring approximately 10-50 microns in diameter. Some FSBs contain coarse, eosinophilic clusters at their periphery. FSB stained black when stained by the Gallyas silver method. Some FSBs were immunohistochemically positive for synaptophysin and 68 kDa neurofilament. Glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive fibres were observed alongside and/or inside some FSBs. Electron microscopically, FSBs were found to consist of collections of neuritic debris containing a variety of dense bodies and a small number of both mitochondria and neurofilaments. Some such collections were surrounded by astrocytic processes. These findings strongly suggest that FSBs are collections of small axonal debris destined for removal by astrocytes in due course. A variety of factors (degeneration of the SNPR and/or the GP, injury, infarction, ageing) seemed to be responsible for the histogenesis of FSBs.
泡沫样球体（FSBs）被描述为人类大脑中出现的新发现的病理结构。在退行性疾病中，尤其是在脑炎后帕金森综合征、进行性核上性麻痹、苍白球-黑质-路易体萎缩和多系统萎缩中，FSBs在黑质网状部（SNPR）和/或苍白球（GP）中更为常见。在黑质致密部（SNPC）发生变性的情况下，如特发性帕金森病，或在路易体-苍白球系统发生变性的情况下，如齿状核-红核-苍白球-路易体萎缩或约瑟夫病中，未在任何部位观察到FSBs。FSBs也偶尔在老年人的黑质（SN）和/或GP中被发现。除了SN和GP病变外，在非穿透性头部损伤后长纤维束（胼胝体、小脑上脚）的弥漫性轴索损伤以及梗死周围病变中也可见到FSBs。在光学显微镜下，FSBs表现为嗜酸性、泡沫状且轮廓模糊的近圆形物体，直径约为10 - 50微米。一些FSBs在其周边含有粗大的嗜酸性团块。用Gallyas银染色法染色时，FSBs染成黑色。一些FSBs对突触素和68 kDa神经丝免疫组化呈阳性。在一些FSBs旁边和/或内部观察到胶质纤维酸性蛋白阳性纤维。在电子显微镜下，发现FSBs由含有各种致密小体以及少量线粒体和神经丝的神经突碎片聚集而成。一些这样的聚集物被星形胶质细胞突起包围。这些发现强烈表明，FSBs是注定要在适当时候被星形胶质细胞清除的小轴索碎片的聚集物。多种因素（SNPR和/或GP的变性、损伤、梗死、衰老）似乎是FSBs组织发生的原因。
