MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2004 Nov 12;53(44):1044-7.
Persons who have close relatives with certain diseases (e.g., heart disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis) are more likely to develop those diseases themselves. Family health history is an important risk factor that reflects inherited genetic susceptibility, shared environment, and common behaviors. Although clinicians are trained to collect family histories, substantial barriers exist to obtaining this information in primary care practice (e.g., lack of time or lack of reimbursement). To promote the use of family history as a screening tool for disease prevention and health promotion, several initiatives have called for new self-administered family history collection tools and educational programs to help clinicians interpret and apply family history information to patient care. To assess attitudes, knowledge, and practices of U.S. residents regarding their family health histories, CDC analyzed data from the 2004 HealthStyles Survey. This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicated that although 96.3% of survey respondents believe their family history is important for their own health, few have actively collected health information from their relatives to develop a family history. Targeted public health efforts are needed to 1) help persons collect family history information to share with their health-care providers and 2) educate and assist providers to interpret and apply this information effectively.
有某些疾病（如心脏病、糖尿病和骨质疏松症）近亲的人自己患这些疾病的可能性更大。家族健康史是一个重要的风险因素，反映了遗传易感性、共同环境和共同行为。尽管临床医生接受过收集家族史的培训，但在初级保健实践中获取这些信息存在重大障碍（如时间不足或报销不足）。为了促进将家族史用作疾病预防和健康促进的筛查工具，一些倡议呼吁采用新的自我管理家族史收集工具和教育项目，以帮助临床医生将家族史信息解读并应用于患者护理。为了评估美国居民对其家族健康史的态度、知识和做法，美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）分析了2004年健康生活方式调查的数据。本报告总结了该分析结果，结果表明，尽管96.3%的调查受访者认为他们的家族史对自身健康很重要，但很少有人积极从亲属那里收集健康信息以建立家族史。需要有针对性的公共卫生努力来：1）帮助人们收集家族史信息以便与医疗服务提供者分享；2）教育并协助医疗服务提供者有效解读和应用这些信息。
