Rosenbaum J F, Biederman J, Bolduc E A, Hirshfeld D R, Faraone S V, Kagan J
Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114.
Am J Psychiatry. 1992 Apr;149(4):475-81. doi: 10.1176/ajp.149.4.475.
Previous work suggested that children of parents with panic disorder and agoraphobia were likely to be classified as behaviorally inhibited and that behaviorally inhibited children were likely to develop anxiety disorders. However, the factors determining which inhibited children were at risk for childhood onset of anxiety disorders remained unknown. The authors of this study hypothesized that greater anxiety loading in parents would increase the risk for anxiety disorders in children with behavioral inhibition.
Using DSM-III structured interviews, the authors examined patterns of aggregation of anxiety disorders in parents of two existing cohorts of children, one cross-sectional and clinically derived (31 children, 60 parents) and the other epidemiologically derived and longitudinal (40 children, 75 parents). Within each cohort, parents were stratified into three groups based on the presence (behavioral inhibition and anxiety) or absence (behavioral inhibition only, no behavioral inhibition and no anxiety) of behavioral inhibition and two or more anxiety disorders in their child.
Parents of children with behavioral inhibition and anxiety, from both the clinical and nonclinical cohorts, had significantly higher rates of two or more anxiety disorders than did parents of children with behavioral inhibition only and parents of children with no behavioral inhibition and no anxiety.
These results indicate that the presence of parental loading for anxiety disorders may help to identify the subgroup of inhibited children at very high risk for developing childhood-onset anxiety disorders.
先前的研究表明，患有惊恐障碍和广场恐惧症的父母的孩子可能被归类为行为抑制型，而行为抑制型儿童可能会患上焦虑症。然而，哪些因素决定了哪些抑制型儿童有患儿童期焦虑症的风险仍然未知。本研究的作者假设，父母更高的焦虑负荷会增加行为抑制型儿童患焦虑症的风险。
作者使用《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版（DSM-III）结构化访谈，研究了两个现有儿童队列的父母中焦虑症的聚集模式，一个是横断面的临床队列（31名儿童，60名父母），另一个是基于流行病学的纵向队列（40名儿童，75名父母）。在每个队列中，根据孩子是否存在行为抑制和两种或更多种焦虑症，将父母分为三组（行为抑制和焦虑、仅行为抑制、无行为抑制且无焦虑）。
临床队列和非临床队列中，有行为抑制和焦虑的儿童的父母，患有两种或更多种焦虑症的比例显著高于只有行为抑制的儿童的父母以及既无行为抑制也无焦虑的儿童的父母。
这些结果表明，父母存在焦虑症负荷可能有助于识别出患儿童期焦虑症风险极高的行为抑制型儿童亚组。
