Abdollahpour Ibrahim, Golestannejad Zahra, Salimi Yahya, Nedjat Saharnaz, Aguilar-Palacioc Isabel, Mansournia Mohammad Ali, de Courten Maximilian
Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Dental Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Dental Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Tob Use Insights. 2022 May 15;15:1179173X221100402. doi: 10.1177/1179173X221100402. eCollection 2022.
Research on the association between waterpipe smoking and depression is limited. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and adjusted associated correlates of depression among Iranian adult. We analyzed data from 974 participants of a population-based cross-sectional study enrolling 18-50-year-old residents of Tehran, Iran in 2015. Data on lifetime self-reported history of depression, smoking behaviors, socioeconomic status, self-rated health, physical activity, stressful life events as well as a number of relevant confounders was obtained Logistic regression models were employed for estimating adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). The mean (SD) age of the study sample was 32.55 (8.58) years. Of 974 recruited adults, 52.36% were female. The lifetime prevalence of depression in the general population was 17.0%. In general, 21.77% and 24.79% of participant reported lifetime history of cigarette and waterpipe smoking, respectively. While only cigarette smoking (OR = 1.94, 95% CI: (1.04-3.61) and only waterpipe smoking (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: (.95-2.86) were significantly associated with depression, joint cigarette and waterpipe smoking (OR= 3.76, 95% CI: (1.99-6.08) was the strongest correlate of depression followed by female gender (OR = 3.28, 95% CI: (2.08-5.15) and poor self-rated health (OR = 2.47, 95% CI: (1.73-3.53). The prevalence of self-reported depression in general population of Tehran is considerably higher than its global mean. We reported joint cigarette and waterpipe smoking as a significant correlate with depression in the general population. Future health promotion interventions should highlight the disadvantages of joint cigarette and waterpipe smoking targeting adults and especially females.
关于水烟吸食与抑郁症之间关联的研究有限。本研究旨在探讨伊朗成年人中抑郁症的患病率及其经调整后的相关影响因素。我们分析了2015年一项基于人群的横断面研究中974名参与者的数据，该研究纳入了伊朗德黑兰18至50岁的居民。获取了关于终生自我报告的抑郁症病史、吸烟行为、社会经济状况、自我健康评价、身体活动、应激性生活事件以及一些相关混杂因素的数据。采用逻辑回归模型来估计经调整后的比值比（OR）及其95%置信区间（CI）。研究样本的平均（标准差）年龄为32.55（8.58）岁。在974名招募的成年人中，52.36%为女性。普通人群中抑郁症的终生患病率为17.0%。总体而言，分别有21.77%和24.79%的参与者报告有终生吸烟和水烟吸食史。虽然仅吸烟（OR = 1.94，95% CI：（1.04 - 3.61））和仅吸水烟（OR = 1.65，95% CI：（0.95 - 2.86））与抑郁症显著相关，但联合吸烟和吸水烟（OR = 3.76，95% CI：（1.99 - 6.08））是与抑郁症最密切的关联因素，其次是女性（OR = 3.28，95% CI：（2.08 - 5.15））和自我健康评价差（OR = 2.47，95% CI：（1.73 - 3.53））。德黑兰普通人群中自我报告的抑郁症患病率显著高于全球平均水平。我们报告联合吸烟和吸水烟是普通人群中与抑郁症的一个显著关联因素。未来的健康促进干预措施应突出联合吸烟和吸水烟对成年人尤其是女性的不利影响。
