Wiesner G
Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2004 Nov;47(11):1095-106. doi: 10.1007/s00103-004-0935-z.
A comparative study of the means of suicide in West and East Germany is extremely difficult both because of the data stock and the methodological questions that arise. This examination analyses means of suicide used during the following years: 1962-1964, 1987-1989 and 2000-2002. Accordingly, there is a similar pattern in both East and West for type of suicide committed and distinct developmental parallelism in applying the suicide methods. Certain means of suicide are more prominent (e. g. "hanging", "falling from a height") while others decrease in significance (e. g. "drowning"). No link was found between means of suicide and "society order". The use of a certain means of suicide depends on "availability", "existence" or "accessibility" of opportunities to commit suicide in the everyday environment. The same trend towards an increase of "hard" means of suicide was noted. The ways in which suicide is committed are becoming increasingly alike, but in the East it is apparent that people adhere more to "traditional" means of suicide.
对东德和西德的自杀方式进行比较研究极其困难，这既是因为数据储备，也是由于随之出现的方法论问题。本调查分析了以下年份中使用的自杀方式：1962年至1964年、1987年至1989年以及2000年至2002年。相应地，在自杀类型方面，东德和西德存在相似模式，在自杀方法的应用上也有明显的发展平行性。某些自杀方式更为突出（例如“上吊”“高处坠落”），而其他方式的重要性则有所下降（例如“溺水”）。未发现自杀方式与“社会秩序”之间存在关联。某种自杀方式的使用取决于日常环境中自杀机会的“可得性”“存在情况”或“可及性”。人们也注意到了“强硬”自杀方式增加的相同趋势。自杀的方式越来越相似，但在东德，人们显然更倾向于采用“传统”自杀方式。
