Diamond David M, Campbell Adam, Park Collin R, Vouimba Rose-Marie
Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, PCD 4118G, 4202 E. Fowler Ave., Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2004 Dec;14 Suppl 5:S491-5. doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2004.09.003.
We have reviewed two areas of research on stress, memory, and synaptic plasticity which may be relevant toward understanding the neurobiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). First, we have presented the view that the hippocampus (HC) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) function jointly as a memory system which enables multitask processing (working memory) and consolidation of contextual information. The amygdala, by contrast, is necessary for the consolidation of emotional memories. Cognitive and neurophysiological studies have shown that HC-PFC processing is impaired, and amygdaloid processing is enhanced, by stress and in anxiety and mood disorders, including MDD. Second, we have reviewed research on the behavioral and neurophysiological actions of tianeptine, an antidepressant that is known to block the adverse effects of chronic stress on hippocampal morphology. Recent work has shown that acute tianeptine enhances cognitive and electrophysiological measures of HC-PFC functioning without interfering with the emotion-induced enhancement of amygdaloid functioning in rodents. We conclude with a synthesis of the preclinical and clinical literature on stress, memory, and tianeptine with the proposal that tianeptine should enhance HC-PFC memory-related processing in people under stress.
我们回顾了两个关于应激、记忆和突触可塑性的研究领域，这两个领域可能与理解重度抑郁症（MDD）的神经生物学相关。首先，我们提出了这样一种观点，即海马体（HC）和前额叶皮质（PFC）共同作为一个记忆系统，能够进行多任务处理（工作记忆）并巩固情境信息。相比之下，杏仁核对于情感记忆的巩固是必需的。认知和神经生理学研究表明，在应激状态以及包括MDD在内的焦虑和情绪障碍中，HC - PFC的处理功能受损，而杏仁核的处理功能增强。其次，我们回顾了关于噻奈普汀行为和神经生理作用的研究，噻奈普汀是一种抗抑郁药，已知它能阻断慢性应激对海马体形态的不良影响。最近的研究表明，急性给予噻奈普汀可增强啮齿动物HC - PFC功能的认知和电生理指标，而不会干扰情绪诱导的杏仁核功能增强。我们综合了关于应激、记忆和噻奈普汀的临床前和临床文献，并提出噻奈普汀应该增强处于应激状态下的人的HC - PFC记忆相关处理功能。
