Shaw Mary, Tunstall Helena, Dorling Danny
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Whiteladies Road, Bristol BS8 2PR, UK.
Health Place. 2005 Mar;11(1):45-54. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2004.01.003.
This study analyses demographic and spatial factors that underlie the rise in murder rates seen in Britain between 1981 and 2000 and considers the possible contribution of a public health approach to the understanding of murder. Comparison of murder rates by age group and sex finds that increases occurred only among males aged 5-59 years, and were greatest among males aged 20-24 years. Analysis of the relationship with poverty at the area level, using the Breadline Britain index and deciles based on wards, demonstrates that increases in murder rates were concentrated in the poorest areas. Rates of murder have risen in the same population groups and areas that have experienced increases in suicide and may be associated with worsening social and spatial inequality.
本研究分析了1981年至2000年间英国谋杀率上升背后的人口统计学和空间因素，并探讨了公共卫生方法对理解谋杀案可能做出的贡献。按年龄组和性别对谋杀率进行比较后发现，谋杀率上升仅发生在5至59岁的男性中，且在20至24岁的男性中上升幅度最大。利用英国贫困线指数和基于选区的十分位数在地区层面分析与贫困的关系，结果表明谋杀率的上升集中在最贫困地区。在自杀率上升的相同人群和地区，谋杀率也有所上升，这可能与社会和空间不平等加剧有关。
