Tolvanen Outi K
Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
Waste Manag Res. 2004 Oct;22(5):346-57. doi: 10.1177/0734242X04045427.
Repeated measurements were carried out during two different campaigns between 1998 and 2001 to assess the occupational hygiene at a Finnish dry waste treatment plant. The analytical determinations were done in four different places within the processing hall of the plant: near a conveyor belt, near a jigger screen, near an after-crusher and near a bailer. Measurements were also carried out in a coffee room for employees. Concentrations of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes were determined by two methods (six-stage impactor and Camnea method) and levels of endotoxins, dust and noise were also investigated. High concentrations of microbes and endotoxins and the noise level were found to be a real problem in the waste processing hall. Microbe concentrations were highest during management of the dry waste fraction. Endotoxin concentrations all exceeded the threshold value of 200 EU m(-3) irrespective of the measurement place, with the only exception near the after-crusher where the average concentration was always as low as 60 EU m(-3). The noise level exceeded the Finnish threshold value of 85 dBA. Problems were not easily solved through technical modifications and more radical improvements are needed. Improvements in reliability are also required in the measuring methods before their application in waste treatment plants. In particular, a new method of dust collection is recommended.
1998年至2001年期间，在两次不同的活动中进行了重复测量，以评估芬兰一家干废物处理厂的职业卫生状况。分析测定在该厂处理车间内的四个不同地点进行：靠近传送带处、靠近筛煤机处、靠近后破碎机处和靠近打包机处。还在员工咖啡室进行了测量。通过两种方法（六级冲击器法和卡姆内亚法）测定了细菌、真菌和放线菌的浓度，并对内毒素、粉尘和噪音水平进行了调查。发现高浓度的微生物、内毒素和噪音水平是废物处理车间的一个实际问题。在处理干废物部分期间，微生物浓度最高。无论测量地点如何，内毒素浓度均超过200 EU m(-3)的阈值，唯一的例外是后破碎机附近，其平均浓度始终低至60 EU m(-3)。噪音水平超过了芬兰85 dBA的阈值。通过技术改造不容易解决这些问题，需要更彻底的改进。在测量方法应用于废物处理厂之前，还需要提高其可靠性。特别是，推荐一种新的粉尘收集方法。
