Stetz Kathleen M, Brown Marie-Annette
School of Health Sciences, Seattle Pacific University, Washington 98119, USA.
Public Health Nurs. 2004 Nov-Dec;21(6):533-40. doi: 10.1111/j.0737-1209.2004.21605.x.
The objectives of this study were to compare cancer and AIDS family caregivers in regard to their physical and emotional health. The sample consisted of 26 caregivers of persons with cancer or AIDS. Study participants completed a questionnaire that included measures of depression, grief, symptoms of stress, caregiving demands, interpersonal relationships, health status, and quality of life. The data revealed that both AIDS and cancer caregivers reported high levels of stress and depression as compared to community norms. No significant differences were found between AIDS and cancer caregivers for any of the scale scores; however, the two groups differed on several individual subscales. Cancer caregivers demonstrated higher social functioning and were more likely to report that the work of caregiving itself disrupted their ability to socially engage with others. In contrast, AIDS caregivers were more likely to report that their own health limited their ability to socialize. Even though AIDS caregivers experienced less family support than cancer caregivers, they reported more rewards from caregiving. Results suggest that support delivered to caregivers emphasize a more inclusive approach to program delivery, versus a disease-specific perspective, in order to increase the depth and breath of services provided to families undertaking these challenges.
本研究的目的是比较癌症患者和艾滋病患者的家庭照顾者的身心健康状况。样本包括26名癌症或艾滋病患者的照顾者。研究参与者完成了一份问卷，其中包括抑郁、悲伤、压力症状、照顾需求、人际关系、健康状况和生活质量等方面的测量。数据显示，与社区标准相比，艾滋病和癌症患者的照顾者都报告了较高的压力和抑郁水平。在任何量表得分上，艾滋病患者和癌症患者的照顾者之间均未发现显著差异；然而，两组在几个个别子量表上存在差异。癌症患者的照顾者表现出更高的社会功能，并且更有可能报告照顾工作本身干扰了他们与他人进行社交互动的能力。相比之下，艾滋病患者的照顾者更有可能报告自身健康状况限制了他们的社交能力。尽管艾滋病患者的照顾者比癌症患者的照顾者获得的家庭支持更少，但他们报告从照顾中获得了更多回报。结果表明，为照顾者提供的支持应强调采用更具包容性的项目实施方式，而不是针对特定疾病的视角，以便增加为面临这些挑战的家庭提供的服务的深度和广度。
