Cassis Linda, Aiello Sistiana, Noris Marina
Center for Research on Organ Transplantation, Chiara Cucchi de Alessandri e Gilberto Crespi, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Villa Camozzi, Ranica (Bergamo), Italy.
Contrib Nephrol. 2005;146:121-131. doi: 10.1159/000082072.
It is now well recognized that regulatory T cells (Treg) play a central role in the control of both reactivity to self-antigens and alloimmune response. Several subsets of Treg with distinct phenotypes and mechanisms of action have now been identified. They constitute a network of heterogeneous CD4+ or CD8+T cell subsets and other minor T cell populations such as nonpolymorphic CD1d-responsive natural killer T cells. Treg not only play a main role in maintaining self-tolerance and preventing autoimmune disease but can also be induced by tolerance protocols and seemed to play a key role in preventing allograft rejection, as demonstrated in many animal models. Of particular interest, in stable transplant patients, CD4+CD25+ and CD8+CD28- Treg have been recently shown to modulate immune response toward donor antigens in the indirect and direct pathway, respectively. This finding raises the possibility that such Treg also have a role in the induction or maintenance of transplant tolerance in humans.
现在人们已经充分认识到，调节性T细胞（Treg）在控制自身抗原反应性和同种免疫反应中起着核心作用。目前已经鉴定出几种具有不同表型和作用机制的Treg亚群。它们构成了一个由异质性CD4 +或CD8 + T细胞亚群以及其他次要T细胞群体（如非多态性CD1d反应性自然杀伤T细胞）组成的网络。Treg不仅在维持自身耐受性和预防自身免疫性疾病中起主要作用，而且还可以通过耐受性方案诱导产生，并且在许多动物模型中表明，Treg在预防同种异体移植排斥反应中似乎起着关键作用。特别值得关注的是，在稳定的移植患者中，最近发现CD4 + CD25 +和CD8 + CD28 - Treg分别在间接途径和直接途径中调节针对供体抗原的免疫反应。这一发现增加了这样一种可能性，即此类Treg在人类移植耐受性的诱导或维持中也发挥作用。
