Cetinkaya Feyzullah, Gogremis Abdulkadir, Kutluk Gunsel
Department of Pediatrics, Sisli Etfal Education and Research Hospital, 34750 Istanbul, Turkey.
Indian J Pediatr. 2004 Nov;71(11):969-72. doi: 10.1007/BF02828108.
The diagnosis and the treatment of community-acquired severe pneumonia is still a serious child health problem in developing countries. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of two different antibiotic regimens in the empirical treatment of severe childhood pneumonia.
We enrolled 97 infants (aged 2-24 months) with severe community-acquired pneumonia in a randomized-controlled trial of 10 days of treatment with penicillin G+chloramphenicol (n:46) or ceftriaxone (n:51). We evaluated the effectiveness of treatments with symptoms and some laboratory tests during and at the end of the study.
The cure rates were similar in both groups and the antibiotic regimens in all patients were found effective (P< 0.001). The number of nurse rounds was much more in penicillin plus chloramphenicol group than ceftriaxone group.
Both penicillin G plus chloramphenicol and ceftriaxone are effective in the empirical treatment of severe community pneumonia of young children. In spite of more nurse visits for antibiotic treatment, penicillin G+ chloramphenicol combination may be a cheaper alternative to ceftriaxone in the treatment of childhood pneumonia.
在发展中国家，社区获得性重症肺炎的诊断和治疗仍是一个严重的儿童健康问题。本研究旨在评估两种不同抗生素方案在儿童重症肺炎经验性治疗中的有效性。
我们将97名（年龄在2至24个月之间）患有重症社区获得性肺炎的婴儿纳入一项随机对照试验，分别接受为期10天的青霉素G+氯霉素治疗（n = 46）或头孢曲松治疗（n = 51）。在研究期间及结束时，我们通过症状和一些实验室检查评估治疗效果。
两组的治愈率相似，且发现所有患者的抗生素方案均有效（P < 0.001）。青霉素加氯霉素组的护理查房次数比头孢曲松组多得多。
青霉素G加氯霉素和头孢曲松在幼儿重症社区肺炎的经验性治疗中均有效。尽管青霉素G+氯霉素联合治疗需要更多的护理访视，但在儿童肺炎治疗中，它可能是比头孢曲松更便宜的选择。
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