Schwarz S, Leweling H
Neurologische Klinik, Klinikum Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg, 68135 Mannheim.
Nervenarzt. 2005 Feb;76(2):131-42. doi: 10.1007/s00115-004-1783-7.
Beneficial effects from any particular diet have not been proven in multiple sclerosis (MS). Therefore, the general guidelines on nutrition should be followed. Obesity and various forms of malnutrition worsening the MS symptoms are frequently observed. There is some evidence from epidemiological studies that a high consumption of saturated animal fat is associated with an increased incidence of MS. The findings from such studies indicate that supplementation with unsaturated fatty acids, in particular omega-3 fatty acids, could positively influence the course of MS. However, controlled studies did not show clear beneficial effects from polyunsaturated fatty acids. The intake of vitamin D is associated with a lower incidence of MS. In contrast, the effects of therapy with vitamin D on the course of MS have not been ascertained. Patients with MS carry an enormous risk of osteoporosis, and therefore the indication for a preventive therapy with vitamin D and calcium should be established in every postmenopausal woman or after repeated steroid treatments.
特定饮食对多发性硬化症（MS）的有益影响尚未得到证实。因此，应遵循一般的营养指南。肥胖和各种形式的营养不良使MS症状恶化的情况屡见不鲜。流行病学研究有一些证据表明，饱和动物脂肪的高摄入量与MS发病率的增加有关。此类研究结果表明，补充不饱和脂肪酸，尤其是ω-3脂肪酸，可能对MS病程产生积极影响。然而，对照研究并未显示多不饱和脂肪酸有明显的有益效果。维生素D的摄入与较低的MS发病率相关。相比之下，维生素D治疗对MS病程的影响尚未确定。MS患者患骨质疏松症的风险极大，因此，每位绝经后女性或在反复接受类固醇治疗后，都应确定维生素D和钙预防性治疗的指征。
