Heifer U, Neuhausen M, Pluisch F, Schyma C
Institut für Rechstmedizin, Universität Bonn.
Blutalkohol. 1992 Jan;29(1):1-52.
After an introductory presentation of the problem-complex, "Alcohol and Road Traffic Safety", and the past history of a danger-limiting value of 0.5%, the paper gives an extensive overview of the meaning, the development and the possibilities of an epidemiology (with statistics) of alcohol delinquency in road traffic. The various measures employed in different European countries for the combatting and punishment of "Alcohol in Road Traffic" as a cause of accidents will be thoroughly considered, and the necessary steps to be taken in the area of legislation, intensity of prosecution and penal sanctions will be pointed out. Our own epidemiological-statistical investigations with the cooperation of 28 further European institutes record the total distribution and the relative distribution of the blood alcohol concentration of listed road users and those listed who had been drinking, for the 2nd halve of 1989, in the institutes, governments and governmental groups taking part in the study. Thereby result characteristic frequency profiles with an assured tendency, and relative estimated numbers of unknown cases (beneath a BAC of 1%) as definite evidence of differing limiting value- and traffic surveillance-efficiency in various regions of Europe. The final conclusion will be drawn that the height of the limiting value alone is not able to make decisive contribution to an improvement in road traffic safety if the highly variable relativity of limiting value-efficiency is not considered at the same time, and complex, closely connected accompanying measures as an adjunct to legislation and the administration of justice are not carried out. Recommendations will be formulated concerning this matter. Further epidemiological-statistical analyses of the problem "Alcohol and Road Traffic Safety" are being prepared in cooperation with 16 European institutes and will be put together in a 2nd part of this multicenter study for T 92 (The 12th Conference of the International Committee on Alcohol, Drugs and Road-Safety in Cologne, 28. September-2. October 1992).
在对“酒精与道路交通安全”这一复杂问题及过去0.5%的危险限值历史进行介绍性陈述之后，本文对道路交通中酒精犯罪流行病学（含统计学）的意义、发展及可能性进行了广泛概述。将全面考量不同欧洲国家为打击和惩处作为事故原因的“道路交通中的酒精”所采取的各种措施，并指出在立法、起诉力度及刑事制裁方面需采取的必要步骤。我们与另外28个欧洲机构合作开展的流行病学统计调查，记录了参与研究的各机构、政府及政府团体中，1989年下半年所列道路使用者及饮酒者的血液酒精浓度的总体分布和相对分布情况。由此得出具有确定趋势的特征频率分布图，以及未知病例（血液酒精浓度低于1%）的相对估计数量，以此作为欧洲不同地区限值和交通监测效率差异的确凿证据。最终得出的结论是，如果不同时考虑限值效率的高度可变相对性，且不实施作为立法和司法辅助的复杂且紧密相关的配套措施，仅限值高度本身并不能对道路交通安全的改善做出决定性贡献。将就此事提出建议。正与16个欧洲机构合作对“酒精与道路交通安全”问题进行进一步的流行病学统计分析，并将在这项针对T 92（1992年9月28日至10月2日在科隆举行的国际酒精、药物与道路安全委员会第12次会议）的多中心研究的第二部分中汇总呈现。
