Coyne-Beasley Tamera, Runyan Carol W, Baccaglini Lorena, Perkis David, Johnson Renee M
Injury Prevention Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2005 Jan;28(1):109-15. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.09.013.
Most unintentional childhood poisonings and firearm injuries occur in residential environments. Therefore, a preventive strategy includes limiting children's access to poisons and firearms through safe storage. This study examines storage of poisons and firearms among households with older adults, and households where young children reside compared to those where they visit only.
Sample is from a 2002 national random-digit-dial survey of 1003 households. Analyses were weighted to reflect the national population.
There were 637 households with children residents or visitors aged <6 years. Seventy-five percent of the households (n =480) had children aged <6 as visitors only, and 15% had older adult residents (aged >/=70 years). Poisons and firearms were stored less securely in homes with young children as visitors as compared to those homes with resident young children. In 55% of homes where young children lived, and 74% of homes where young children were only visitors, household chemicals were reportedly stored unlocked. Although firearm ownership was comparable between the two categories of households (33% vs 34%), homes in which children were only visitors were more likely to store firearms unlocked (56%), than homes in which children resided (33%). Homes with older adult residents had more firearms present.
Children are at risk from improperly stored poisonous substances and firearms in their own homes and homes they visit. Strategies are needed to improve the storage practices of both poisons and firearms to minimize in-home hazards to young children, particularly raising awareness of these hazards to young visitors.
大多数儿童意外伤害中毒和枪支伤害事件发生在家庭环境中。因此，预防策略包括通过安全储存来限制儿童接触毒药和枪支。本研究调查了有老年人的家庭以及有幼儿居住的家庭与仅有幼儿来访的家庭中毒药和枪支的储存情况。
样本来自2002年对1003户家庭进行的全国随机数字拨号调查。分析采用加权处理以反映全国人口情况。
有637户家庭有6岁以下儿童居住或来访。其中75%（n = 480）的家庭仅有6岁以下儿童来访，15%的家庭有老年居民（年龄≥70岁）。与有幼儿居住的家庭相比，仅有幼儿来访的家庭中，毒药和枪支的储存安全性较低。据报告，在55%有幼儿居住的家庭和74%仅有幼儿来访的家庭中，家用化学品储存时未上锁。虽然两类家庭的枪支拥有率相当（33%对34%），但仅有幼儿来访的家庭中，枪支未上锁存放的可能性（56%）高于有幼儿居住的家庭（33%）。有老年居民的家庭中枪支更多。
儿童在自己家中以及他们来访的家庭中，面临着有毒物质和枪支储存不当的风险。需要采取策略来改善毒药和枪支的储存方式，以将家庭中对幼儿的危害降至最低，特别是提高对这些危害的认识，尤其是对来访幼儿。
