Pittella José Eymard Homem, Gusmão Sebastião
Laboratory of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Surg Neurol. 2005;63 Suppl 1:S30-4; discussion S34-5. doi: 10.1016/j.surneu.2004.09.012.
The cavum of the septum pellucidum (CSP) is a small cavity constantly present in fetuses and newborns, of variable frequency among necropsied adults and with a high frequency in professional boxers.
A pathologic study was conducted on brains of 626 patients without a history of head trauma (group 1) autopsied consecutively from a general hospital and of 120 random victims of fatal road traffic accidents (group 2).
In group 1, 237 (37.9%) cases of CSP were observed, virtually all in a triangular or trapezoidal shape. In group 2, 65 (54.2%) cases of CSP were observed, 50 (76.9%) in triangular or trapezoidal shape and 15 (23.1%) in cleft shape. Cleft CSP was always associated with severe diffuse axonal injury (grades 2 and 3).
Although described in boxers, the CSP has not been reported in other types of head injury. The largest frequency of CSP found in fatal victims of head trauma, particularly in patients with severe diffuse axonal lesion (grades 2 and 3), when compared with the individuals without a history of head trauma, suggests that the high-intensity angular acceleration of the head causes complementary and independent displacement of the 2 cerebral hemispheres and dislocation of one of the leaves of the septum pellucidum on the other. This could result in separation of the 2 leaves and formation of CSP, usually in cleft shape.
透明隔腔（CSP）是胎儿和新生儿中始终存在的小腔隙，在尸检的成年人中出现频率不一，而在职业拳击手中出现频率较高。
对一家综合医院连续尸检的626例无头部外伤史的患者（第1组）以及120例随机选取的致命道路交通事故受害者（第2组）的大脑进行了病理研究。
在第1组中，观察到237例（37.9%）CSP病例，几乎均呈三角形或梯形。在第2组中，观察到65例（54.2%）CSP病例，其中50例（76.9%）呈三角形或梯形，15例（23.1%）呈裂隙状。裂隙状CSP总是与严重弥漫性轴索损伤（2级和3级）相关。
尽管在拳击手中有描述，但CSP在其他类型的头部损伤中尚未见报道。与无头部外伤史的个体相比，在头部外伤致命受害者中，尤其是严重弥漫性轴索损伤（2级和3级）患者中发现的CSP频率最高，这表明头部的高强度角加速度会导致两个大脑半球发生互补且独立的移位，以及透明隔的一叶相对于另一叶发生错位。这可能导致两叶分离并形成通常呈裂隙状的CSP。
