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钵水母纲动物海月水母游泳行为的个体发生。I. 电生理分析。

The ontogeny of swimming behavior in the scyphozoan, Aurelia aurita. I. Electrophysiological analysis.

作者信息

Schwab W E

出版信息

Biol Bull. 1977 Apr;152(2):233-50. doi: 10.2307/1540562.

DOI:10.2307/1540562
PMID:15635
Abstract
  1. Electrical correlates of behavioral activity were observed in the lip and tentacles of the polyp, but none were detected during column contraction. The tentacles are the most electrically active tissue, and the potentials are conducted along the length of the tentacle, but conduction to other parts of the animal were not observed. 2. Although the tentacles of the polyp and the rhopalia of the medusa are probably homologous, the development of pacemaker activity during strobilation is not a smooth transition from tentacle contraction potentials (TCPs) to marginal ganglion potentials (MGPs). This result indicates that each pacemaker activity develops de novo. 3. Two types of behavior were observed in the polyp: local responses, and coordinated activity which involved integrated responses in several body parts. The coordinated responses indicate that neurological coordination can take place in the polyp. Furthermore, feeding and spasm in the ephyra are similar to feeding and the protective response in the polyp. This similarity suggests that both coordinated responses in the polyp are coordinated by interneural facilitation in the diffuse nerve net (DNN) as in the ephyra. 4. Swimming in the ephyra is a medusoid behavior but feeding and spasm are coordinated by the DNN and are polypoid responses. Therefore, the ephyra is a mixture of polypoid and medusoid behaviors. As the ephyra matures into an adult medusa both polypoid responses are lost, but the DNN remains to modulate pacemaker output and control marginal tentacle contractions. As development proceeds from polyp, to ephyra, to medusa, each subsequent stage acquires some new behavior while retaining some aspect from the previous stage.
摘要
  1. 在水螅体的唇部和触须中观察到了行为活动的电相关现象,但在柱体收缩期间未检测到任何电相关现象。触须是电活动最活跃的组织,电位沿触须长度传导,但未观察到向动物其他部位的传导。2. 虽然水螅体的触须和水母的缘膜可能是同源的,但在横裂生殖期间起搏器活动的发展并非从触手收缩电位(TCPs)到边缘神经节电位(MGPs)的平稳过渡。这一结果表明,每种起搏器活动都是重新发展而来的。3. 在水螅体中观察到两种类型的行为:局部反应和涉及身体多个部位综合反应的协调活动。这些协调反应表明水螅体中可以发生神经协调。此外,碟状体的摄食和痉挛与水螅体的摄食和保护反应相似。这种相似性表明,水螅体中的这两种协调反应都像碟状体一样是由弥散神经网(DNN)中的神经间促进作用协调的。4. 碟状体的游泳是一种水母型行为,但摄食和痉挛由DNN协调,是水螅型反应。因此,碟状体是水螅型和水母型行为的混合体。随着碟状体发育成成年水母,两种水螅型反应都会消失,但DNN仍然存在,以调节起搏器输出并控制边缘触手收缩。随着发育从水螅体到碟状体再到水母进行,每个后续阶段都会获得一些新行为,同时保留前一阶段的某些方面。

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