Subkowski Peter
Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr. 2004 Dec;53(10):738-53.
The Harry Potter books are centered around the psychic development of a traumatised young boy starting from his internalised early experience of being loved by his mother to the sudden loss of both of his parents at the anal stage and the later cumulative traumatisation by being negleced and mistreated by his relatives up to the present times. By identifying with his father and other father replacements Harry Potter finally acquires self-assurance and wins new friends. Harry goes through different stages of initiation into the adult world with all its conflicts and rivalries but also friendships. He stands up to his fears and symptoms resulting from his early childhood traumata and thereby helps to encourage readers of all ages to handle their own conflicts. On the oedipal level Harry Potter finally has to deidealize his father and Dumbledore, but also their opponent the dark Lord Voldemort, who thereby becomes more human, understandable and in the long run probably defeatable. The reader can identify himself with Harry and/ or a wide range of other characters. He can recognize his own experiences in life and conflicts in the story and argue internally with the demonstrated conflict solving patterns on different levels. It is the skillfully displayed and logically constructed story of the psychic development of a child that is traumatised at an early age and the possibilities the reader has to identify selectively with the different characters that constitutes the attractiveness of the Harry Potter novels.
《哈利·波特》系列书籍围绕着一个受过创伤的小男孩的心理发展展开。从他内心深处对母亲之爱的早期体验,到肛门期突然失去双亲,再到后来被亲戚忽视和虐待所积累的创伤,直至当下。通过认同他的父亲以及其他替代父亲的角色,哈利·波特最终获得了自信并结交了新朋友。哈利经历了进入成人世界的不同阶段,其中充满了冲突、竞争,但也有友谊。他直面源于童年早期创伤的恐惧和症状,从而有助于鼓励各个年龄段的读者应对自己的冲突。在俄狄浦斯层面上,哈利·波特最终不得不去除对他父亲和邓布利多的理想化,同时也包括他们的对手黑魔王伏地魔,伏地魔由此变得更具人性、更可理解,从长远来看或许是可以被打败的。读者可以将自己与哈利以及/或者众多其他角色联系起来。他能在故事中认出自己生活中的经历和冲突,并在内心与所展示的不同层面的冲突解决模式进行争辩。正是这个巧妙展现且逻辑构建的关于一个幼年受过创伤的孩子的心理发展故事,以及读者有选择地与不同角色产生共鸣的可能性,构成了《哈利·波特》系列小说的吸引力所在。