Lovelace Heather Y, Barr Susan I
University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, B.C., CANADA V6T 1Z4.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2005 Feb;24(1):51-7. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2005.10719443.
To determine methods of diagnosis, symptoms, and calcium intake from food and supplements for individuals with self-reported lactose intolerance.
METHODS/DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey using a mailed questionnaire.
SUBJECTS/SETTING: A convenience sample of 189 adults with self-reported lactose intolerance living in the metropolitan area of Vancouver Canada responded to posters or advertisements, and 159 returned completed questionnaires.
Methods of diagnosis, symptoms experienced and their severity were self-reported. Estimated calcium intake from food and supplements was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, Pearson correlation analysis, t-tests and Analysis of Variance.
Participants were 47 +/- 15 years of age; 72% female and 28% male; 67% Caucasian; and 54% had self-diagnosed their lactose intolerance. Of the 42% diagnosed by a physician, only 10% had been diagnosed by valid tests. Mean estimated food calcium intake was 591 +/- 382 mg/d and did not differ between those who were self- or physician-diagnosed. Only 11.5% of participants met their age-appropriate Adequate Intake (AI) from food calcium sources alone. Calcium supplements were used by 65% and provided an average of 746 +/- 703 mg calcium/day to those who used them; mean intakes of this group met the AI.
Calcium intake from food sources alone is inadequate to meet the AI in individuals with self-reported lactose intolerance. Physicians managing lactose intolerance need current information on how the AI can be met through appropriate food choices and possible supplementation.
确定自我报告乳糖不耐受个体的诊断方法、症状以及从食物和补充剂中摄入钙的情况。
方法/设计：采用邮寄问卷进行横断面调查。
研究对象/研究地点：居住在加拿大温哥华市区的189名自我报告乳糖不耐受的成年人组成的便利样本，他们回应了海报或广告，159人返回了完整问卷。
诊断方法、经历的症状及其严重程度通过自我报告获取。使用食物频率问卷评估从食物和补充剂中摄入钙的估计量。数据采用描述性统计、卡方检验、Pearson相关分析、t检验和方差分析进行分析。
参与者年龄为47±15岁；女性占72%，男性占28%；67%为白种人；54%的人自我诊断为乳糖不耐受。在由医生诊断的42%的人中，只有10%是通过有效检测确诊的。食物钙摄入的平均估计量为591±382毫克/天，自我诊断和医生诊断的人群之间无差异。仅11.5%的参与者仅从食物钙源中达到了其年龄适宜的充足摄入量（AI）。65%的人使用钙补充剂，使用补充剂的人平均每天摄入钙746±703毫克；该组的平均摄入量达到了AI。
对于自我报告乳糖不耐受的个体，仅从食物来源摄入钙不足以达到AI。管理乳糖不耐受的医生需要有关如何通过适当的食物选择和可能的补充来达到AI的最新信息。
