Parish T S, Dyck N, Kappes B M
J Psychol. 1979 May;102(1st Half):63-70. doi: 10.1080/00223980.1979.9915095.
Individuals' attitudes were assessed toward various groups of children. In study 1 the respondents were 65 male and female teachers from across the state of Kansas. In study 2 the respondents were 89 men and women in attendance at the 1978 International Conference of the Association for Children with Learning Disabilities. In both studies the evaluations of the labels "gifted children," "normal children," and "physically handicapped children" were found to be significantly more positive than the evaluations of the labels "mentally retarded children," "learning disabled children," and "emotionally disturbed children." These results seem to indicate that definite negative stereotypes are held toward the latter three groups of children. In study 1 these findings were found to occur generally regardless of the respondents' sex, age, educational level attained, and amount of previous mainstreaming experience.
研究人员评估了个体对不同儿童群体的态度。在研究1中，受访者是来自堪萨斯州各地的65名男女教师。在研究2中，受访者是出席1978年学习障碍儿童协会国际会议的89名男女。在两项研究中，发现对“天才儿童”“正常儿童”和“身体残疾儿童”标签的评价明显比对“智力迟钝儿童”“学习障碍儿童”和“情绪困扰儿童”标签的评价更为积极。这些结果似乎表明，人们对后三组儿童持有明确的负面刻板印象。在研究1中，发现这些结果普遍存在，与受访者的性别、年龄、所达到的教育水平以及以前的主流化经验量无关。
