Frank Joachim, Sengupta Jayati, Gao Haixiao, Li Wen, Valle Mikel, Zavialov Andrey, Ehrenberg Måns
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Post Office Box 509, Albany, New York 12201-0509, USA.
FEBS Lett. 2005 Feb 7;579(4):959-62. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2004.10.105.
Translation is the process by which the genetic information contained in mRNA is used to link amino acids in a predetermined sequential order into a polypeptide chain, which then folds into a protein. Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are the adapter molecules designed to provide the "lookup" from codons to amino acids. Cryo-EM has provided evidence that the ribosome, as a molecular machine, undergoes many structural changes during translation. Recent findings show that the tRNA structure itself undergoes large conformational changes as well, and that the decoding process must be seen as a complex dynamic interplay between tRNA and the ribosome.
翻译是一个过程，在此过程中，信使核糖核酸（mRNA）中包含的遗传信息用于将氨基酸按照预定的顺序连接成一条多肽链，然后该多肽链折叠成一种蛋白质。转运核糖核酸（tRNA）是旨在提供从密码子到氨基酸的“查找”功能的衔接分子。冷冻电子显微镜已提供证据表明，核糖体作为一种分子机器，在翻译过程中会经历许多结构变化。最近的研究结果表明，tRNA结构本身也会发生大幅度的构象变化，并且解码过程必须被视为tRNA与核糖体之间复杂的动态相互作用。
