农村和城市地区的致命机动车撞车事故：将发生率分解为促成因素。
Fatal motor vehicle crashes in rural and urban areas: decomposing rates into contributing factors.
作者信息
Zwerling C, Peek-Asa C, Whitten P S, Choi S-W, Sprince N L, Jones M P
机构信息
University of Iowa, College of Public Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
出版信息
Inj Prev. 2005 Feb;11(1):24-8. doi: 10.1136/ip.2004.005959.
OBJECTIVES
Motor vehicle crash fatality rates have been consistently higher in rural areas than in urban areas. However, the explanations for these differences are less clear. In this study the decomposition method was used to explore the factors associated with increased fatal crash involvement rates in rural communities.
DESIGN
Using national databases, the fatal crash incidence density was decomposed into the product of three factors: the injury fatality rate, the crash injury rate, and the crash incidence density.
RESULTS
As expected, the fatal crash incidence density was more than two times higher in rural than in urban areas. This was driven primarily by the injury fatality rate, which was almost three times higher in rural areas.
CONCLUSIONS
Further research should examine the relative roles of crash severity and the timely receipt of definitive medical care after a crash.
目的
农村地区机动车碰撞死亡率一直高于城市地区。然而，造成这些差异的原因尚不清楚。在本研究中，采用分解方法探讨与农村社区致命碰撞参与率增加相关的因素。
设计
利用国家数据库，将致命碰撞发生率密度分解为三个因素的乘积：伤害死亡率、碰撞伤害率和碰撞发生率密度。
结果
正如预期的那样，农村地区的致命碰撞发生率密度比城市地区高出两倍多。这主要是由伤害死亡率驱动的，农村地区的伤害死亡率几乎高出三倍。
结论
进一步的研究应考察碰撞严重程度以及碰撞后及时获得确定性医疗护理的相对作用。
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