Al-Mulla Hummadi Y M, Najim R A, Al-Bashir N M
Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, P.O. Box 61208, Baghdad 12114, Iraq.
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2005 Jan;99(1):27-36. doi: 10.1179/136485905X19900.
In an attempt to determine the possible mechanism(s) behind the antileishmanial activity of zinc sulphate, promastigotes, axenic amastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of both Leishmania major and L. tropica were incubated with different concentrations of the compound. For each of the two Leishmania species, all three forms were found to be inhibited by the zinc sulphate, in a dose-dependent manner, the promastigotes being the most resistant form, followed by the axenic amastigotes. These results indicate that zinc sulphate has a direct antileishmanial effect. Compared with macrophages from starch-treated mice, the macrophages recovered from mice that had been injected intraperitoneally with zinc sulphate (daily for the 4 days prior to the macrophage collection) or BCG (once, 4 days before the cell collection) showed increased phagocytosis and increased killing of L. major and L. tropica. As the effects of the zinc sulphate were not statistically different from those of the known immunomodulating agent BCG, zinc sulphate appears to have an immunomodulating effect, in addition to its direct antileishmanial effect.
为了确定硫酸锌抗利什曼原虫活性背后可能的机制，将不同浓度的该化合物与硕大利什曼原虫和热带利什曼原虫的前鞭毛体、无菌无鞭毛体及细胞内无鞭毛体一同孵育。对于这两种利什曼原虫，发现所有三种形态均受到硫酸锌的抑制，且呈剂量依赖性，前鞭毛体是最具抗性的形态，其次是无菌无鞭毛体。这些结果表明硫酸锌具有直接的抗利什曼原虫作用。与来自淀粉处理小鼠的巨噬细胞相比，从腹腔注射硫酸锌（在收集巨噬细胞前4天每天注射）或卡介苗（在细胞收集前4天注射一次）的小鼠中回收的巨噬细胞，对硕大利什曼原虫和热带利什曼原虫的吞噬作用增强且杀伤能力增强。由于硫酸锌的作用与已知免疫调节剂卡介苗的作用在统计学上无差异，硫酸锌除具有直接抗利什曼原虫作用外，似乎还具有免疫调节作用。
