Gershon Richard C
Center for Outcomes, Research and Education, 1001 University Place, Evanston, IL 60712, USA.
J Appl Meas. 2005;6(1):109-27.
The creation of item response theory (IRT) and Rasch models, inexpensive accessibility to high speed desktop computers, and the growth of the Internet, has led to the creation and growth of computerized adaptive testing or CAT. This form of assessment is applicable for both high stakes tests such as certification or licensure exams, as well as health related quality of life surveys. This article discusses the historical background of CAT including its many advantages over conventional (typically paper and pencil) alternatives. The process of CAT is then described including descriptions of the specific differences of using CAT based upon 1-, 2- and 3-parameter IRT and various Rasch models. Numerous specific topics describing CAT in practice are described including: initial item selection, content balancing, test difficulty, test length and stopping rules. The article concludes with the author's reflections regarding the future of CAT.
项目反应理论（IRT）和拉施模型的创立、高速台式计算机的低成本可及性以及互联网的发展，促成了计算机自适应测试（CAT）的创立与发展。这种评估形式既适用于诸如认证或执照考试等重大考试，也适用于与健康相关的生活质量调查。本文讨论了计算机自适应测试的历史背景，包括其相较于传统（通常为纸笔）测试方式的诸多优势。接着描述了计算机自适应测试的过程，包括基于单参数、双参数和三参数IRT以及各种拉施模型使用计算机自适应测试的具体差异。文中还描述了许多在实践中描述计算机自适应测试的具体主题，包括：初始项目选择、内容平衡、测试难度、测试长度和停止规则。文章最后是作者对计算机自适应测试未来的思考。
