Sinha Dhirendra N, Gupta Prakash C, Pednekar Mangesh
School of Preventive Oncology, Patna, Bihar, India.
Indian J Public Health. 2004 Jul-Sep;48(3):111-7.
Determination of the prevalence and attitudes toward tobacco use was assessed among 13-15 years school students in Bihar (India).
Schools having grade 8-10 in Bihar. A two stage cluster sample design was used. SUDAAN and the C-sample procedure in Epi-Info was used for statistical analysis. Of the 2636 respondents, 71.8% (76.5% boys, 57.2% girls) were ever tobacco users; of them 48.9% had used tobacco before 10 years of age. Current use was reported by 58.9% (Boys 61.4%, Girls 51.2%); smokeless tobacco by 55.6% (Boys 57.6%, Girls 49.2%); and smoking by 19.4% (23.0% boys, 7.8% girls). Nearly one third (29%) students were exposed to ETS inside their homes and nearly half (48%) outside their homes. Almost all students reported watching cigarette and gutka advertisements in almost all kinds of media and events. Tobacco use by parents and friends, knowledge on harmful effects of chewing tobacco, smoking and environmental smoke, and attitudes on tobacco use by others were strongly associated with student tobacco use. Current tobacco use was reported significantly more by students who received pocket money/or were earning than by students who did not receive any pocket money/or did not earn (p value for trend <0.0001). Over half of current users (56%) bought their tobacco products from stores; of these, over 3/4th (77.2%) of them despite their age, had no difficulty in procuring these products. Teaching in schools regarding harmful effects of tobacco use was non-existent (3%). This urgently requires a comprehensive prevention program in schools and the community especially targeted towards girls.
对印度比哈尔邦13 - 15岁的在校学生进行了烟草使用流行率及态度的评估。
比哈尔邦8 - 10年级的学校。采用两阶段整群抽样设计。使用SUDAAN软件和Epi - Info中的C样本程序进行统计分析。在2636名受访者中，71.8%（男孩76.5%，女孩57.2%）曾经使用过烟草；其中48.9%在10岁之前就开始使用烟草。报告当前仍在使用烟草的占58.9%（男孩61.4%，女孩51.2%）；使用无烟烟草的占55.6%（男孩57.6%，女孩49.2%）；吸烟的占19.4%（男孩23.0%，女孩7.8%）。近三分之一（29%）的学生在家中接触到二手烟，近一半（48%）在家庭以外接触到二手烟。几乎所有学生都表示在几乎所有类型的媒体和活动中看到过香烟和古特卡（嚼烟）广告。父母和朋友的烟草使用情况、对嚼烟、吸烟及环境烟雾有害影响的了解，以及对他人烟草使用的态度与学生的烟草使用密切相关。报告当前使用烟草的学生中，有零花钱/或有收入的学生明显多于没有零花钱/或没有收入的学生（趋势p值<0.0001）。超过一半（56%）的当前使用者从商店购买烟草制品；其中，超过四分之三（77.2%）的人尽管未到法定年龄，购买这些产品时并无困难。学校中关于烟草使用有害影响的教育缺失（3%）。这迫切需要在学校和社区开展一项全面的预防计划，尤其要针对女孩。
