Weevers Harm-Jan A, van der Beek Allard J, Anema Johannes R, van der Wal Gerrit, van Mechelen Willem
Department of Public and Occupational Health, Institute for Research in Extramural Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Fam Pract. 2005 Apr;22(2):197-204. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmh727. Epub 2005 Feb 14.
The objective was to answer the following questions: What is the prevalence of potentially work-related diseases in the general practice population? What is the incidence of consulting a GP for a potentially work-related disease? What is the relationship between diseases seen in general practice and work ability?
Cochrane standards and QUOROM principals were used. For this systematic review the available literature was identified in a computerized search of the bibliographical databases Medline, Embase and Osh-rom. A total of 22 publications (24 studies) met the inclusion criteria.
In the general practice population high prevalence rates of potentially work-related diseases were found for low back pain, neck pain and shoulder pain. Incidence rates of consulting a GP for a potentially work-related disease were high also. Musculoskeletal disorders were the main reasons for work-related consultations in general practice. Work-related diseases can affect work ability.
Work-related diseases are common, given the high incidence and prevalence of potentially work-related diseases found in the general practice population and seen by the GP. This review underlines the important role of GPs in identifying and managing work-related diseases. GPs should consider the work factor and pay special attention to the effects of work on health, because patients often link their work with their illness.
本研究旨在回答以下问题：全科医疗人群中潜在的与工作相关疾病的患病率是多少？因潜在的与工作相关疾病而咨询全科医生的发病率是多少？全科医疗中所见疾病与工作能力之间的关系是什么？
采用Cochrane标准和QUOROM原则。为进行该系统评价，通过对Medline、Embase和Osh-rom等书目数据库进行计算机检索，确定了现有的文献。共有22篇出版物（24项研究）符合纳入标准。
在全科医疗人群中，发现腰痛、颈痛和肩痛等潜在的与工作相关疾病的患病率较高。因潜在的与工作相关疾病而咨询全科医生的发病率也较高。肌肉骨骼疾病是全科医疗中与工作相关咨询的主要原因。与工作相关的疾病会影响工作能力。
鉴于在全科医疗人群中发现并由全科医生诊治的潜在的与工作相关疾病的高发病率和患病率，与工作相关的疾病很常见。本综述强调了全科医生在识别和管理与工作相关疾病方面的重要作用。全科医生应考虑工作因素，并特别关注工作对健康的影响，因为患者常常将他们的工作与疾病联系起来。
