Unit of Occupational Therapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department for Public Health Research, University of Skövde, Box 408, 541 28, Skövde, Sweden.
BMC Public Health. 2022 Apr 28;22(1):851. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13269-8.
Studying the relationship between work-related stress and sick leave is valuable in identifying and assessing employees at risk of sick leave, but also in developing interventions and taking actions for workers' health. The overall aim of this study was to analyse the association between work-related stress, measured with the work stress questionnaire (WSQ), and registered sick leave in a working population seeking care at primary health care centres in Sweden.
A prospective longitudinal study was performed with 232 employed patients aged 18-64 years seeking care for mental and/or physical health complaints at seven primary health care centres. Bivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for educational level, occupational class and marital status was performed using questionnaire data on work-related stress and sociodemographic factors collected between May 2015 until January 2016 together with registered sick leave data from a national database.
High stress due to indistinct organization and conflicts was reported by 21% (n = 49), while 45% (n = 105) reported high stress due to individual demands and commitment. Thirty-six percent were on sick leave for 15 days or more during 12 months after baseline. The odds of being on registered sick leave during this period was approximately twice as high for patients perceiving high stress due to indistinct organization and conflicts (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.18;4.26), high stress due to individual demands and commitment (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.28;3.82), low influence at work (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.20;3.57), or high interference between work and leisure time (OR 2.19, 95% CI 1.27;3.80). Perceiving high stress due to both indistinct organization and conflicts as well as individual demands and commitment quadrupled the odds of sick leave, OR 4.15 (95% CI 1.84; 9.38).
Work-related stress and sick leave were prevalent among the patients. Perceiving one or more of the work-related stressors and stress increased the odds of registered sick leave between two to four times. Hence, to capture the dynamic interaction between the individual and the work environment, a wide spectrum of factors must be considered. In addition, primary health care could be a suitable arena for preventing sick leave due to work-related stress.
ClinicalTrials.gov. Identifier: NCT02480855 . Registered 20 May 2015.
研究工作相关压力与病假之间的关系，对于识别和评估有病假风险的员工具有重要意义，同时也有助于制定干预措施和保护劳动者健康。本研究的总体目标是分析在瑞典的一个寻求初级保健中心医疗服务的工作人群中，工作压力问卷（WSQ）测量的工作相关压力与登记病假之间的关系。
这是一项前瞻性纵向研究，共纳入 232 名年龄在 18-64 岁之间、因精神和/或身体健康问题在七个初级保健中心寻求医疗服务的在职患者。采用二分类逻辑回归分析，根据问卷调查的工作相关压力和社会人口学因素数据，对教育程度、职业类别和婚姻状况进行了调整，这些数据于 2015 年 5 月至 2016 年 1 月期间收集，并与国家数据库中登记的病假数据进行了关联。
21%（n=49）的患者报告存在因组织混乱和冲突而导致的高度压力，45%（n=105）的患者报告存在因个人需求和承诺而导致的高度压力。36%的患者在基线后 12 个月内的病假天数达到或超过 15 天。与感知到组织混乱和冲突（OR 2.25，95% CI 1.18；4.26）、个人需求和承诺（OR 2.21，95% CI 1.28；3.82）、工作影响力低（OR 2.07，95% CI 1.20；3.57）或工作与休闲时间干扰大（OR 2.19，95% CI 1.27；3.80）的患者相比，这段时间内登记病假的可能性大约高出两倍。同时，感知到组织混乱和冲突以及个人需求和承诺这两个或两个以上工作压力源的患者，其病假的可能性会增加 4 倍，OR 4.15（95% CI 1.84；9.38）。
在这些患者中，工作相关压力和病假都很普遍。感知到一种或多种工作压力源和压力会使登记病假的可能性增加 2 到 4 倍。因此，为了捕捉个体与工作环境之间的动态相互作用，必须考虑广泛的因素。此外，初级保健可能是预防与工作相关压力相关的病假的合适场所。
ClinicalTrials.gov。标识符：NCT02480855。于 2015 年 5 月 20 日注册。
