Frick Kevin D, Foster Allen, Bah Momodou, Faal Hannah
Department of Health Policy and Management, Health Services Research and Development Center, Bloomberg School of Public Health.
Arch Ophthalmol. 2005 Feb;123(2):239-43. doi: 10.1001/archopht.123.2.239.
To estimate the net benefit of the Gambian Eye Care Program (GECP) using a limited definition of benefits from a societal perspective.
The number of cases of blindness avoided was modeled using population projections, population-based blindness survey estimates from 1986 and 1996, and reported blindness-related mortality differences. Benefits were measured as lifetime productivity gains that resulted from the cases of blindness avoided between the surveys. Costs included all contributions to GECP between the surveys.
In 1996, 1658 fewer individuals were blind than would have been without GECP. The present value of costs was 1.28 US million dollars (1995 dollars). Although the net benefit between the blindness surveys was negative, the net lifetime benefit was 1.01 US million dollars (1995 dollars), yielding an internal rate of return of 10%. In the primary sensitivity analysis, assuming similar benefits to Senegalese citizens, who accounted for 30% of patients, the internal rate of return was 19%. Upper bound sensitivity analyses result in internal rates of return higher than 20%.
In one sub-Saharan African country with avoidable blindness due to cataract and eye infections, the internal rate of return of a national eye care program was substantial when using a limited definition of benefit.
从社会角度采用有限的效益定义来评估冈比亚眼保健项目（GECP）的净效益。
利用人口预测、1986年和1996年基于人群的失明调查估计以及报告的与失明相关的死亡率差异，对避免的失明病例数进行建模。效益以两次调查之间避免的失明病例所带来的终身生产力收益来衡量。成本包括两次调查之间对GECP的所有投入。
1996年，与没有GECP的情况相比，失明人数减少了1658人。成本的现值为128万美元（1995年美元）。虽然两次失明调查之间的净效益为负，但终身净效益为101万美元（1995年美元），内部收益率为10%。在主要敏感性分析中，假设占患者30%的塞内加尔公民获得类似效益，内部收益率为19%。上限敏感性分析得出的内部收益率高于20%。
在一个因白内障和眼部感染导致可避免失明的撒哈拉以南非洲国家，采用有限的效益定义时，国家眼保健项目的内部收益率相当可观。
