Lehnert H, Wittchen H-U, Pittrow D, Bramlage P, Kirch W, Böhler S, Höfler M, Ritz E
Klinik für Endokrinologie und Stoffwechselkrankheiten, Universität Magdeburg.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2005 Feb 18;130(7):323-8. doi: 10.1055/s-2005-863050.
So far only incomplete epidemiological data on the management of diabetes mellitus have been available for the Federal Republic of Germany. It was the aim of this study to obtain such information from a representative cross-section of patients.
43549 consecutive, unselected patients (52.6% females; mean age 64.9 +/- 11.7 years) of general practitioners and internists in private practice were included in this study which was based on data provided by the general practitioners or internists during September 2001. They recorded prevalence of diabetes, hypertension and 22 other diseases, and the patients' current treatment. Also recorded were associations of other patient-related variables (age, gender, associated or resulting diseases, hypertension, micro- and macrovascular complications, obesity), with medical practitioner-related variables (medical training, use of guidelines, regional factors) and with the frequency of antidiabetic treatment (total and differentiated by class of drug).
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in this cohort was 15.6% (18.5% for males and 13.7% for females). 67.6% of the diabetics received antidiabetic medication. There was little difference, between the different age groups and between males and females, with regard to which of the various drugs were prescribed. Patients with macrovascular complications were more intensively treated with antidiabetics than those with exclusively microvascular ones. There was hardly any correlation between patterns of prescription and various practitioner characteristics (medical training, use of guidelines, regional factors).
There was little differentiation in the prescription of antidiabetic medication by general practitioners/internists among an unselected patient cohort.
迄今为止，关于德意志联邦共和国糖尿病管理的流行病学数据尚不完整。本研究旨在从具有代表性的患者样本中获取此类信息。
本研究纳入了43549例连续的、未经筛选的私人执业全科医生和内科医生的患者（女性占52.6%；平均年龄64.9±11.7岁），研究基于2001年9月全科医生或内科医生提供的数据。他们记录了糖尿病、高血压和其他22种疾病的患病率以及患者当前的治疗情况。还记录了其他与患者相关的变量（年龄、性别、相关或并发疾病、高血压、微血管和大血管并发症、肥胖）与医生相关变量（医学培训、指南使用、地区因素）以及与抗糖尿病治疗频率（总体及按药物类别区分）之间的关联。
该队列中糖尿病的患病率为15.6%（男性为18.5%，女性为13.7%）。67.6%的糖尿病患者接受了抗糖尿病药物治疗。在不同年龄组以及男性和女性之间，所开的各种药物差异不大。患有大血管并发症的患者比仅患有微血管并发症的患者接受了更强化的抗糖尿病治疗。处方模式与各种医生特征（医学培训、指南使用、地区因素）之间几乎没有相关性。
在未经筛选的患者队列中，全科医生/内科医生在抗糖尿病药物处方方面几乎没有差异。
