Herse Peter
School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2053, Australia.
Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2005 Mar;25(2):97-104. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-1313.2004.00262.x.
To determine the effect of acute and chronic hyperglycaemia on the refraction and development of the rabbit eye.
Ocular dimensions of five alloxan-induced hyperglycaemic and six control rabbits were measured over 9 weeks using A scan biometry. Refraction was measured using retinoscopy. The animals were 10 weeks of age at the start of the experiment.
The acute onset of hyperglycaemia was associated with a fast and stable 2 D hyperopic shift in refraction. Lens thickness increased during the first 2 weeks of hyperglycaemia, returned to near normal thickness after 3-5 weeks of hyperglycaemia and then decreased in thickness in the last 4 weeks of the study. The hyperopic refraction remained unchanged during changes in lens thickness. Nine weeks of hyperglycaemia was associated with a 25% reduction in the growth of both the globe and the lens and a 17% decrease in body mass compared with the controls.
The hyperopic refraction change of acute hyperglycaemia is likely to be because of a change in the refractive index of the cortical fibres of the lens and is the probable source of the fluctuating refraction seen in diabetic patients. Chronic hyperglycaemia reduced the axial development of the eye and is the probable source of the chronic hyperopic refraction seen in children with Type I diabetes.
确定急性和慢性高血糖对兔眼屈光及发育的影响。
使用A超生物测量法，在9周内对5只四氧嘧啶诱导的高血糖兔和6只对照兔的眼部尺寸进行测量。使用检影验光法测量屈光。实验开始时动物为10周龄。
高血糖急性发作与屈光快速且稳定地向远视偏移2D有关。在高血糖的前2周晶状体厚度增加，高血糖3 - 5周后恢复到接近正常厚度，然后在研究的最后4周厚度减小。在晶状体厚度变化期间远视屈光保持不变。与对照组相比，9周的高血糖与眼球和晶状体生长减少25%以及体重下降17%有关。
急性高血糖的远视屈光变化可能是由于晶状体皮质纤维折射率的改变，这可能是糖尿病患者屈光波动的原因。慢性高血糖减少了眼球的轴向发育，这可能是1型糖尿病儿童慢性远视屈光的原因。
